1. The project sponsor pays attention to some of the defects reported in the quality control process and asks the project manager to investigate the source of the defects. Which of the following tools should the project manager use to perform this task?
A. Control chart
B. Pareto chart
C. Fishbone diagram
D. Inspection
Correct answer: C
Analysis: Investigate the source of the defect, that is, find the root cause of the defect, and finding the root cause is the main function of the fishbone diagram (or cause and effect diagram).
2. The project team follows the steps described in the process improvement plan to identify necessary improvements. In which process should this task be performed?
A. Implementation
B. Plan
C. Monitoring
D. Finishing
Correct answer: A
Analysis: The title question can be summarized as: Which process group does the implementation process improvement belong to? The specific activity corresponding to the implementation process improvement in PMBOK is process analysis. Process analysis is a tool for managing the quality process, and the management quality process belongs to the execution process group.
3. Many defects were found when the client finally accepted the project deliverables. These defects can be avoided by which of the following?
A. Conduct customer surveys frequently
B. Train employees on quality control
C. Implement the management quality process as planned
D. Repeat quality control
Correct answer: C
Analysis: Only preventive work and process improvement taken in the process of managing quality can avoid the occurrence of defects. Quality control work can only find defects in deliverables, but cannot avoid defects. The role of A is to understand customer needs and satisfaction, which is irrelevant to the topic; B and D both emphasize quality control, and only C is management quality.
4. After the project work is completed, have a meeting with the customer to submit the product. The customer accepted two of the four products and pointed out that the other two products did not meet the demand. Before submitting the product, which process should the project manager perform to ensure that it is consistent with the customer’s expectations?
A. Quality control
B. Management quality
C. Implement quality measurement
D. Perform quality audits
Correct answer: B
Analysis: The key word of the title is "before submitting the product, ensure consistency", which should be understood as preventing inconsistency. All prevention work belongs to the management quality process, so choose B. In addition, this question asks "which process", C and D are not processes and can be excluded. A. Quality control can only find inconsistencies and prevent unqualified products from being delivered to customers, but cannot ensure that products are consistent with customer expectations during implementation.
5. The project is behind schedule due to quality control issues. There is no obvious pattern to identify defects. Using a qualitative method, which quality control tool should be used to determine the source of the defect?
A. Histogram
B. Pareto chart
C. Scatter plot
D. Cause and effect diagram
Correct answer: D
Analysis: The source of the defect is the root cause of the defect. Use a causal diagram to find the root cause.
6. The management quality team member notified the project manager that 100 defects were found in the deliverables. Therefore, any follow-up work on the project must be suspended. What should the project manager do next?
A. Meet with the team, review the situation and implement process improvements
B. Check the quality management plan to determine whether the defect is outside the tolerance range
C. Register it as a risk and follow the risk management plan
D. Notify relevant parties in accordance with the communication management plan
Correct answer: A
Analysis: There are a large number of defects in the deliverables, which are problems in the process (production line, flow, etc.). Process problems must be raised to the height of management quality and resolved through process improvement. A emphasizes management quality; B is still inspection, which belongs to quality control; C is a measure after risk identification, the problem of this question has occurred, and it is no longer risk identification; D does not solve any problems.
7. Due to a large number of defects, the deliverable milestones of the project are at risk. The management hired external subject matter experts (SMEs) to help the project team focus on corrective actions. To assign SMEs to the project team, which tools and techniques should the project manager use?
A. Pareto chart and causal analysis
B. Trend chart and deviation analysis
C. Integration testing and root cause analysis
D. Statistical sampling and transfer risk
Correct answer: A
Analysis: The core problem of the title is "a large number of defects" and "focus on corrective measures". When there are a large number of defects that need to be implemented, the Pareto chart is the first choice. In addition, the root cause must be found to take corrective actions, so the cause and effect diagram is also good.