1. A requirement put forward by the customer will change the scope of the project. If the change control board approves the demand, the cost of implementing the change will affect the project's budget. If this requirement is approved, which of the following reserves should the project manager consider applying for funding?
A. Management reserve
B. Risk reserves
C. Promoter Reserve
D. Contingency reserve
Correct answer: A
Analysis: The scope change can be understood as an unknown-unknown risk from a risk perspective, and the cost can only be obtained after additional application for approval (through the change control process). The management reserve is used to deal with unforeseen tasks within the scope of the project.
2. The cost of a task is settled at USD 1,000, the planned completion date is December 30, and the total construction period is 10 days. On December 30, the project manager found that only 70% of the task was completed, and the resource expenditure was $600. What is the earned value of this task?
A. US$400
B. USD 600
C. US$ 700
D. USD 1,000
Correct answer: C
Analysis: This question examines the concept of earned value. The budget value of the completed work, 70% of the completed budget, worth $700.
3. The project manager uses historical data and statistical estimation methods to perform cost estimation. Which of the following estimation methods is applied?
A. Three-point estimation method
B. Analogy estimation method
C. Parameter estimation
D. PERT weighted average
Correct answer: C
Analysis: The keywords of this question are "historical data" and "statistics". In the estimation tool, the emphasis on "statistical method" is only parameter estimation.
4. During the execution, the customer requested a change to the product, the project manager initiated the change request process, including the new requirements, and the change was approved. Two weeks later, the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) dropped to 0.89. According to the project team, the SPI was reduced due to recent changes. To prevent this problem, what should the project manager do?
A. Review progress performance benchmark
B. Carry out earned value assessment
C. Implement configuration management activities
D. Catch work and update the time management plan
Correct answer: C
Analysis: Normal changes should not cause schedule delays. After the changes, the schedule delays are caused by the failure to implement the change control process. The answer should be the correct implementation of the change control process. There is no change option, and configuration management alternatives are optional, because the change management system is Configure the subsystems of the management system.
5. A project manager assembles a team and expects to ensure that all cost estimates are correct. Which of the following tools should be used to ensure correct estimates?
A. Sensitivity and reserve analysis
B. Delphi analysis and expert judgment
C. Pareto chart and earned value analysis
D. Cost summary and balance of capital constraints
Correct answer: B
Analysis: This question can use the method of exclusion, the sensitivity analysis in A is excluded; the Pareto and earned value analysis in C are not tools for estimating costs; D is a tool for budgeting; only B cannot be excluded, note that Delphi is an expert judgment , Can improve the participation and accuracy of team members.
6. The project is nearing completion, but another US$120,000 is required to complete the project. Although the project has already cost 1 million US dollars, but due to various circumstances, the project sponsor asked the project manager to stop the project. In this case, the actual cost is:
A. USD 1 million
B. Part of the project's emergency reserve
C. Indirect costs of the project
D. The decision does not consider sunk costs
Correct answer: A
Analysis: Literally speaking, A should be chosen. The actual cost is based on statistics, and it should be as much as it takes. However, in terms of the overall meaning of the topic, the project is terminated without considering the sunk costs. D's statement is correct and conforms to the situation of the topic, but it is not related to the final question of the topic, so A is the best answer.
7. Unexpected risks occurred during the project. After analyzing the risks, the project manager found that in order to make the project successful, it is necessary to reduce the risk, but it will increase the project cost. What should the project manager do next?
A. Obtain the approval of the senior management to increase the project budget
B. Arrange an emergency project team meeting to discuss the reason why the risk is not included in the risk register
C. Obtain the approval of senior management to use emergency reserves to mitigate risks
D. Arrange a meeting with the project team to discuss plans to advance the project
Correct answer: A
Analysis: In the event of unexpected risks, management reserves should be used and contingency measures should be taken. Among the four options, D is ignored; C uses emergency reserve error; B does not identify the cause, the accident itself is unknown and cannot be identified in advance. All three options are obviously wrong. A's statement is rather vague, but there is no obvious error. The use of management reserves requires approval from the senior management.
8. According to the project plan, as of now, 1000 hours of work has been completed at a rate of US$50 per hour. The project manager calculated the actual achievements and found that 1,200 hours of work had been completed, costing $72,000. What is the cost performance index of the project?
A. 1.5
B. 1.2
C. 0.833
D. 0.667
Correct answer: C
Analysis: The earned value questions in the PMP exam often have some translation problems, that is, PV and EV are confused due to translation problems in the questions. You can look at English or distinguish them based on the overall content of the questions. This question AC=72000 is not controversial. Looking at the Chinese text description, it seems that there are two EVs, which can be regarded as a translation problem, and one of them must be PV. It is found that 1200 hours of work has been completed. This is the result of actual statistics. It is EV (PV is calculated and EV is calculated). 1200 hours are worth 6000 USD, so CPI=6000/7200-0.833.
9. After completing the scope definition process, which technique should the project manager use to generate reliable estimates and manage costs and activity duration?
A. Decomposition
B. Immediate relationship drawing method
C. Earned Value Management
D. Establish benchmarks
Correct answer: A
Analysis: According to the options, the question is: How to reliably estimate the cost and duration? A, B, C, and D are not tools for PMBOK 6.5 to estimate duration and PMBOK 7.2 to estimate costs. But A is the prerequisite and basis for accurately estimating the duration and cost, and it is the work immediately following the completion of the definition of the scope. In addition, PMBOK 5.4.2.2 emphasized that “decomposition is a technology that gradually divides the project scope and project deliverables into smaller and more manageable components; the work package is the lowest-level work of the WBS, which can be Cost and duration are estimated and managed.” This sentence can also be used as the source and answer basis for this question.
10. On the monthly report, the project manager calculates and reports the milestone delays on the critical path. The progress performance index of the project is 1.2, and the cost performance index is 0.8. What is the status of the project?
A. The project progresses as planned
B. The project is on schedule, but the cost is overrun
C. Project delays and cost overruns
D. The project is ahead of schedule, but the cost is overrun
Correct answer: C
Analysis: This question belongs to the standard routine question of earned value management. If the "Incomplete information, cannot be judged" option does not appear, just press SPI, CPI greater than 1, and it is not good to judge directly. The reason for not choosing D in this question is that the question emphasizes "Milestone Delay on the Critical Path", see PMBOK 7.4.2.2, "Because of the total workload of the project measured by SPI, it is necessary to conduct a separate analysis of the performance on the critical path. To confirm whether the project will be earlier or later than the planned completion date."
11. During the concept, prototype, development and testing phases of the project, several requests for additional funding were made. After the product is released, the budget is updated, and the project manager determines that the cost deviation (CV) is negative. Which of the following does this indicate?
A. The original budget is greater than the total project cost at completion
B. The total cost of the project is greater than the planned value (PV)
C. The total incremental funds exceed the original budget
D. Earned value (EV) is greater than actual cost
Correct answer: B
Analysis: CV is negative, indicating cost overruns. Both A and D are cost-saving and excluded. There are some problems with the expressions of B and C. If the total incremental funds in C is changed to the total amount of funds, it is correct, but the total incremental funds do not know what it means and can be counted as unfamiliar words; in option B, if PV is changed to BAC It is completely correct, but the accumulated PV is equal to BAC, and the PV in B can only be understood as the accumulated PV, that is, BAC.
12. In order to complete a product and release it as planned, a large amount of project budget must be increased. The project sponsor requested a cost estimate to be performed. Which of the following estimation methods should be used?
A. Earned value (EV)
B. Reserve analysis
C. Program Review Technology (PERT)
D. Parameter estimation
Correct answer: B
Analysis: This question uses the elimination method, A and C are not methods for estimating the cost, so exclude. There is no keyword for D parameter estimation in the title, but it emphasizes that the budget must be increased. Only by increasing the scope or identifying new risks can the budget be increased. Both of these require the use of reserves, or management of reserves (increased scope) or contingency. Reserve (identify new risks), so choose B.
13. The project schedule performance index (SPI) is 0.85. The project sponsor asked the project manager to correct this situation. What should the project manager do next?
A. Follow up the project quickly
B. Catch up
C. Calculate the cost of the schedule compression plan
D. Prepare a detailed list, identify the cause of SV, and create a change management plan
Correct answer: D
Analysis: The situation in this question is that there is not enough time. According to the secret recipe, you should choose schedule compression, rush work or quick follow-up. However, option D mentions the need to identify the reasons for SV first, which takes precedence over A and B; in addition, D also emphasizes the need to create a change management plan, which means that there is no change management plan, and this one has priority. Corrective actions are changes and are guided by the change management plan.
14. Which document provides a framework for cost estimation?
A. Project Management Plan
B. Work breakdown structure (WBS)
C. Risk management plan
D. Scope benchmark
Correct answer: B
Analysis: Cost estimation emphasizes estimating work packages and activities. The lowest level work package of the work breakdown structure is the basis of cost estimation, so B is better. Although D is also the basis for estimating the cost, the scope statement's role in estimating the cost is mainly to provide constraints and assumptions. The work package at the bottom of the WBS is the basis for the estimation.