SG 1 Perform Test Analysis and Design Using Test Design Techniques 执行测试分析和设计，使用测试设计技术
During test analysis and design, the test approach is translated into tangible test conditions and test cases using test design techniques. 在测试分析和设计中，测试方法被转变为有形的测试条件和测试用例，通过测试设计技术。
SP 1.1 Identify and prioritize test conditions. 为测试条件明确和分级
Test conditions are identified and prioritized using test design techniques, based on an analysis of the test items as specified in the test basis. 测试条件被明确和分级，使用测设计技术，基于对测试准则中指定的测试项进行分析。
Example work products 1. Test basis issue log 2. Test conditions 3. Test design specification
例子工作产品： 测试依据问题记录，测试条件，测试设计说明
Sub-practices 1. Study and analyze the test basis (such as requirements, architecture, design, interface specifications and user manual) 2. Discuss issues regarding the test basis with the document owner 3. Select the most appropriate test design techniques in line with the documented test approach Examples of black box test design techniques include the following: Equivalence Partitioning Boundary Value Analysis Decision Tables (Cause/Effect Graphing) State Transition Testing Examples of white box test design techniques include the following: Statement Testing Decision (Branch) Testing Condition Testing
子实践：1. 学习和分析测试基准（比如需求，框架，设计，接口说明和用户手册）2. 和文档所有人讨论与测试基准相关的问题。 3.选择最适当的测试设计技术，保证和测试方法文档保持一致，黑盒测试设计技术包括：等价类划分，边界值分析，决策表，状态转换测试 白盒测试技术包括： 语句测试，决定测试，条件测试
Note that in addition to black box and white box techniques, experience-based techniques such as exploratory testing can also be used which result in documenting the test design specification by means of a test charter.
在黑盒和白盒测试以外，基于经验的技术比如探索测试同样被使用来文档化测试设计规范，通过测试规章的形式。
Typically more than one test design technique is selected per test level in order to be able to differentiate the intensity of testing, e.g., number of test cases, based on the level of risk of the test items. In addition to using the risk level to prioritize testing, other factors influence the selection of test design techniques such as development lifecycle, quality of the test basis, skills and knowledge of the testers, contractual requirements and imposed standards. 4. Derive the test conditions from the test basis using test design techniques 5. Prioritize the test conditions based on identified product risks 6. Document the test conditions in a test design specification, based on the test design specification standard Examples of elements of a test design specification include the following [after IEEE 829]: Test design specification identifier Items and/or features to be tested Approach refinements Test conditions Pass/fail criteria 7. Review the test design specifications with stakeholders 8. Revise the test design specifications and test conditions as appropriate, e.g., whenever the requirements change
通常，一个以上的测试设计技术被选择对应不同测试等级来区分测试强度。比如，测试用例的数量，基于测试项目的风险等级。除了使用风险等级等级化测试，其他的影响选择测试设计技术的因素，比如开发周期，测试基准的质量，技术，测试人员的知识，契约的需求以及负担的标准。4. 使用测试设计技术从测试基准中提取测试条件。5、 基于已经验证的产品风险划分测试条件的优先顺序。6，文档化测试条件到测试设计说明书，基于测试设计说明书。 测试设计说明书例子：测试设计说明书标识符，要测试的功能和项目，方法改进，测试条件，成败标准，重审测试设计说明书，修改测试设计说明书和测试条件
SP 1.2 Identify and prioritize test cases 明确测试用例和为测试用例划分优先等级
Test cases are identified and prioritized using test design techniques. Example work products 1. Test cases 2. Test case specification Sub-practices 1. Derive the test cases from the test conditions using test design techniques. A test case consists of a set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution post conditions. 2. Prioritize the test cases based on identified product risks 3. Document the test cases in a test case specification, based on the test case specification standard Examples of elements of a test case specification include the following [IEEE 829]: Test case specification identifier Items and/or features to be tested Input specifications Output specifications Environmental needs Special procedural requirements Inter-case dependencies 4. Review the test case specifications with stakeholders 5. Revise the test case specifications as appropriate
使用测试设计技术来为测试用例被明确和划分优先等级。例子工作产品。1. 测试用例， 2.测试用例说明书
子实践：使用测试设计技术从测试条件中提取测试用例，2.基于产品风险划分测试用例优先级别。 3.把测试用例文档到测试用例说明书中。 例子： 测试用例说明书标识符，要测试的项目和功能点，输入说明，输出说明，环境，特定流程需求，依赖，4.重审测试用例说明书， 5，合理的修改测试用例说明书。
SP 1.3 Identify necessary specific test data 明确必要的特定测试数据
Specific test data necessary to support the test conditions and execution of test cases is identified. Example work products 1. Test data specification Sub-practices 1. Identify and specify the necessary specific test data required to implement and execute the test cases 2. Document the necessary specific test data, possibly as part of the test case specification
详细的用来支持测试条件和执行测试用例的测试数据被明确，例子工作产品。 1. 测试数据说明书，
子实践： 1. 明确和指定必要的特定测试数据，数据被需要来执行和实施测试用例。 2.文档化详细的测试数据，可能是测试用例说明书一部分。
SP 1.4 Maintain horizontal traceability with requirements
维护需求的横向可追溯性
Traceability between the requirements and the test conditions is established and maintained.Example work products 1. Requirements / test conditions traceability matrix Sub-practices 1. Maintain requirements traceability to ensure that the source of test conditions is documented 2. Generate a requirements / test conditions traceability matrix 3. Set up the traceability matrix such that monitoring of requirements coverage during test execution is facilitated
需求和测试条件的可追溯被建立和维护，
例子工作产品：1. 需求，测试条件可追溯，矩阵化。
子实践： 1. 维护需求可追溯来保证测试条件源被文档化， 2. 产生需求，测试条件可追溯矩阵。 3. 建立可追溯矩阵，比如测试执行中监视需求覆盖率。