Specific Practices by Goals 对应具体目的的具体实践
SG 1 Establish a Test Policy 建立测试方针
A test policy, aligned with the business (quality) policy, is established and agreed upon by the stakeholders.
一个测试方针，应该和商业质量方针一致，被建立并且被所有利益关联人同意。
SP 1.1 Define test goals 定义测试目的
Define and maintain test goals based upon business needs and objectives.
根据商业需求和目的来指定指定和维护测试目标
Example work products 1. Test goals 测试目标
Sub-practices 1. Study business needs and objectives 学习商业需求和目的
Examples of business needs and objectives to be studied include the following: 举例如下
Mission statement 使命任务
Business and user needs regarding the products 产品的商业和用户需求
Business drivers Main goals of a quality program 商业驱动力，程序质量的主要目的
Business (quality) policy 商业方针
Type of business, e.g., risk level of products being developed 产品开发的风险等级
2. Provide feedback for clarifying business needs and objectives as necessary 为明确商业需求和目的提供反馈是有必要的
3. Define test goals traceable to business needs and objectives 为商业需求和目标定义测试目的可跟踪
Examples of test goals include the following: 测试目标如下
Validate products for ‘fit-for-use’ 验证产品合用
Prevent defects from occurring in operation 阻止缺陷发生
Verify compliance to external standards 验证标准一致
Provide visibility regarding product quality 提供产品质量可见性
Shorten test execution lead-time 减少测试执行时间
4. Review the test goals with stakeholders 和利益相关人复审测试目的
5. Revisit and revise the test goals as appropriate, e.g., on a yearly basis 适当的复查和修改测试目的
SP 1.2 Define test policy
A test policy, aligned with the business (quality) policy, is defined based on the test goals and agreed upon by the stakeholders. Example work products
测试方针，应该和商业方针一致。。。
1. Test policy
Sub-practices
1. Define the test policy based on the defined test goals Examples of typical statements to be part of a test policy include the following: 根据测试目的定义测试方针
A definition of testing 定义测试
A definition of debugging (fault localization and repair) 定义调试
Basic views regarding testing and the testing profession 对于测试和测试专业的基本的认识
The objectives and added value of testing 目的和添加测试价值
The quality levels to be achieved 质量等级被达到
The level of independence of the test organization 测试组长独立性等级
A high level test process definition 高级测试流程定义
The key responsibilities of testing 关键测试责任
The organizational approach to and objectives of test process improvement 组织为了提升测试流程方法和目标
2. Clearly separate testing from debugging within the test policy 彻底分开调试和测试
3. Review the test policy with stakeholders 和相关利益相关人审查测试方针
4. Define and establish ownership for test policy 建立和定义测试方针所有权
5. Revisit and revise the test policy as appropriate, e.g., on a yearly basis 复查和修改测试方针
SP 1.3 Distribute the test policy to stakeholders 发布测试方针给利益相关人
The test policy and test goals are presented and explained to stakeholders inside and outside testing. 测试方针和目的应该在测试内外呈现和讲述给利益相关人
Example work products 想办法让大家认可
1. Deployment plan 部署计划
2. Test policy presentation Examples of distribution mechanisms include the following:
Documenting it in a handbook (quality system)
Presenting in project and/or departmental meetings
Referencing it via posters on the wall
Making it part of the departmental introduction program
Providing access to it on a central web portal