文章目录
1 课文
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How was the plane able to clear the mountains?
In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
【1 three years after his flight over the North Pole 同位语是1929年的解释说明；2 R.E. Byrd 也是同位语 】
Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
【1 be able to do sth.能够做某事 2 a great many + 可数名词复数 3 take photographs of …照相 4 run into trouble 进入麻烦 3 were able to 过去成功做到了 4 that lay below 定语从句】
At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
【1 at one point 在某一个地点】
It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
【rise rose risen 上升】
Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.
【1 at once 立刻马上 2 order sb to do sth命令某人做某事 】
The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
【1 这里 be able to 表示过去成功，做到了。2 by 相差额度】
Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
【1 there were no more mountains in sight 在视线中没有山了 2 because + 句子表原因，可以句子首或者句尾部；但是 for + 句子只能放到后面，表示前果后因句型】
The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
【1 was able to 过去成功做到了 2 without 伴随着没有】
参考译文
美国探险家 R.E. 伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。在有个 地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飞机可以上 升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫 无际的白色原野！
2 单词
2.1 pole n.（地球的）极
the South Pole 南极
the North Pole 北极
2.2 flight n. 飞行 航班
Flight CA112 is boarding.Please get ready.
CA112航班正在登机，请做好准备
2.3 explorer n. 探险家，探测器
explore v.探测，探险，探索
exploration n.考察，探险（科学目的探索）
adventure n.冒险。（寻求刺激的冒险）
2.4 lie lay lain v. 趟/处于,位于
说谎 lie lied lied
lay
1）表示过去的"趟/处于，位于"
2) 不表示过去，作动词原形。摆，放。
表示"放置，摆放/产卵，下单" lay laid laid
2.5 serious adj. 严重的/严肃的
-ous 结尾的一半都是形容词。
The problem of air pollution is serious.空气问题是严重的。
I am serious,I’m not joking. 我是严肃的，我不是开玩笑。
2.6 point n. 地点
at one point 在某一个地点。
v.点出，指出
They pointed out the problem.他们指出了问题
2.7 seem v. 似乎
2.8 crash v. 坠毁
2.9 sack n. 袋子
2.10 clear v. 越过
2.11 aircraft n. 飞机
2.12 endless adj. 无尽的
–less 形容词后缀.否定后缀
Endless love
careless adj.不仔细
worthless adj。不值钱
2.13 plain n. 平原
3 语法
3.1 can/be able to
相同点：都表示能力，“能够”
（can/could,be able to 时态更灵活）
不同点：
1 表示过去已经成功做到的，肯定做了的。用was/were able to , 不用 could（could表示过去有能力做，但是不一定做了）。
2 can 可以表示猜测，允许。
3.2 主语从句
1.含义：一个句子做主语。
2.位置：
1 it 做形式主语，从句放后面；
2 主语从句放前面。
3 写法：同宾语从句
宾语从句：
I know that you are right.
I know what she will say.
I know whether he is happy.
你不能跟我们一起去真是个遗憾
That you can’t go with us is a pity.
It is a pity that you can’t go with us.
他们是否将会准时到达这不确定。
Whether they will arrive here on time is uncertain.
It is uncertain whether they will arrive here on time.
it seemed certain that their plane would crash =
that their plane would crash seemed certain. (主语从句放到句首，也可以，但是会头重脚轻)