04-树7 二叉搜索树的操作集

04-树7 二叉搜索树的操作集(30 分)

本题要求实现给定二叉搜索树的5种常用操作。

函数接口定义:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

其中BinTree结构定义如下:

typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};
  • 函数InsertX插入二叉搜索树BST并返回结果树的根结点指针;
  • 函数DeleteX从二叉搜索树BST中删除,并返回结果树的根结点指针;如果X不在树中,则打印一行Not Found并返回原树的根结点指针;
  • 函数Find在二叉搜索树BST中找到X,返回该结点的指针;如果找不到则返回空指针;
  • 函数FindMin返回二叉搜索树BST中最小元结点的指针;
  • 函数FindMax返回二叉搜索树BST中最大元结点的指针。

裁判测试程序样例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};

void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT );  /* 中序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

int main()
{
    BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
    ElementType X;
    int N, i;

    BST = NULL;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Insert(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
    MinP = FindMin(BST);
    MaxP = FindMax(BST);
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        Tmp = Find(BST, X);
        if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
        else {
            printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
        }
    }
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Delete(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");

    return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */

输入样例:

10
5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7
5
6 3 10 0 5
5
5 7 0 10 3

输出样例:

Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9
6 is found
3 is not found
10 is found
10 is the largest key
0 is found
0 is the smallest key
5 is found
Not Found
Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9

题解:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X )
{
	if(BST == NULL)
	{
		BST = (BinTree)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
		BST->Data = X;
		BST->Left = NULL;
		BST->Right = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		if(BST->Data > X)
		{
			BST->Left = Insert(BST->Left, X);
		}
		else
		{
			BST->Right = Insert(BST->Right, X);
		}
	}
	return BST;
}
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
	Position Tmp;
	if(!BST)    printf("Not Found\n");
	else {
		if( X < BST->Data)  
			BST ->Left = Delete(BST->Left, X);          /* 左子树递归删除 */
		else if(X > BST->Data ) 
			BST ->Right = Delete(BST->Right , X);       /* 右子树递归删除*/
		else {                                          /* 找到需要删除的结点 */
			if(BST->Left && BST->Right) {               /* 被删除的结点有左右子结点 */
				Tmp=FindMin(BST->Right);                /* 在右子树中找到最小结点填充删除结点 */
				BST->Data = Tmp ->Data;
				BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right,BST->Data);/* 递归删除要删除结点的右子树中最小元素 */
			}else {                                     /* 被删除结点有一个或没有子结点*/
				Tmp = BST;
				if(!BST->Left) BST = BST->Right;        /*有右孩子或者没孩子*/ 
				else if(!BST->Right)    BST = BST->Left;/*有左孩子,一定要加else,不然BST可能是NULL,会段错误*/ 
				free(Tmp);                              /*如无左右孩子直接删除*/
			}
		}
	}
	return BST;
}
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X )
{
	Position F = NULL;
	if(BST)
	{
		if(BST->Data == X)
		{
			F = BST;
		}
		else
		{
			if(BST->Data > X)
			{
				F = Find(BST->Left, X);
			}
			else
			{
				F = Find(BST->Right, X);
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		return NULL;
	}
	return F;
}
Position FindMin( BinTree BST )
{
	if (BST)
	{
		Position Min = BST;
		while(Min->Left)
			Min = Min->Left;
		return Min;
	}
	else
	{
		return NULL;
	}
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST )
{
	if (BST)
	{
		Position Max = BST;
		while(Max->Right)
			Max = Max->Right;
		return Max;
	}
	else
	{
		return NULL;
	}
}

//二叉搜索树的前,中序遍历;

void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT )
{
	if(BT)
	{
		printf("%d ",BT->Data);
		PreorderTraversal( BT->Left );
		PreorderTraversal( BT->Right );
	}
	else
	{
		return;
	}
} /* 先序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT )
{
	if(BT)
	{
		InorderTraversal( BT->Left );
		printf("%d ",BT->Data);
		InorderTraversal( BT->Right );
	}
	else
	{
		return;
	}

}  /* 中序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_40758751/article/details/80231743
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