Python习题——2018-03-28作业

8-2 喜欢的图书:编写一个名为favorite_book()的函数,其中包含一个名为title的形参。这个函数打印一条消息,如One of my favorite books is Alice in Wonderland。调用这个函数,并将一本图书的名称作为实参传递给它。

def favorite_book(book):
    print('One of my favorite books is ' + book + '.')

favorite_book('Ordinary World')

输出:

One of my favorite books is Ordinary World.

 
8-3 T恤:编写一个名为make_shirt()的函数,它接受一个尺码以及要印到T恤上的字样。这个函数应打印一个句子,概要地说明T恤的尺码和字样。使用位置实参调用这个函数来制作一件T恤;再使用关键字实参来调用这个函数。

def make_shirt(size, word):
    print('The size of shirt is ' + size + '.')
    print('The words printed on the shirt are: ' + word)

make_shirt('XL', 'I love Python!')
make_shirt(word='I love Python!', size='XL')

输出:

The size of shirt is XL.
The words printed on the shirt are: I love Python!
The size of shirt is XL.
The words printed on the shirt are: I love Python!

 
8-5 城市:编写一个名为describe_city()的函数,它接受一座城市的名字以及该城市所属的国家。这个函数应打印一个简单的句子,如Reykjavik is in Iceland。给用于存储国家的形参指定默认值。为三座不同的城市调用这个函数,且其中至少有一座城市不属于默认国家。

def describe_city(city, country='China'):
    print(city.title() + ' is in ' + country.title() + '.')

describe_city('Beijing')
describe_city('Guangzhou')
describe_city('new york', 'america')

输出:

Beijing is in China.
Guangzhou is in China.
New York is in America.

 
8-7 专辑:编写一个名为make_album()的函数,它创建一个描述音乐专辑的字典。这个函数应接受歌手的名字和专辑名,并返回一个包含这两项信息的字典。使用这个函数创建三个表示不同专辑的字典,并打印每个返回的值,以核实字典正确地存储了专辑的信息。
给函数make_album()添加一个可选形参,以便能够存储专辑包含的歌曲数。如果调用这个函数时指定了歌曲数,就将这个值添加到表示专辑的字典中。调用这个函数,并至少在一次调用中指定专辑包含的歌曲数。
8-8 用户的专辑:在为完成练习8-7编写的程序中,编写一个while循环,让用户输入一个专辑的歌手和名称。获取这些信息后,使用它们来调用函数make_album(),并将创建的字典打印出来。在这个while循环中,务必要提供退出途径。

def make_album(singer, album, song_num = 12):
    return {'singer': singer, 'album': album, 'song_num': song_num}
print(make_album('Taylor Swift', '1989', 13))
print(make_album('Troye Sivan', 'Blue Neighbourhood', 18))
print(make_album('Ed Sheeran', '÷'))

while True:
    singer = input('\nPlease enter a singer: ')
    album = input('Please enter the name of his/her album: ')
    print(make_album(singer, album))
    message = input("Enter 'quit' when you are finished, or enter 'no': ")
    if message == 'quit':
        break

输入:

Ed Sheeran
÷
quit

输出:

{'song_num': 13, 'singer': 'Taylor Swift', 'album': '1989'}
{'song_num': 18, 'singer': 'Troye Sivan', 'album': 'Blue Neighbourhood'}
{'song_num': 12, 'singer': 'Ed Sheeran', 'album': '÷'}

Please enter a singer: Ed Sheeran      
Please enter the name of his/her album: ÷
{'song_num': 12, 'singer': 'Ed Sheeran', 'album': '÷'}
Enter 'quit' when you are finished, or enter 'no': quit

 
8-9 魔术师:创建一个包含魔术师名字的列表,并将其传递给一个名为show_magicians()的函数,这个函数打印列表中每个魔术师的名字。

def show_magicians(magicians):
    for magician in magicians:
        print(magician)

show_magicians(['Criss Angel', 'David Copperfield', 'Jason Latimer'])

输出:

Criss Angel
David Copperfield
Jason Latimer

 
8-10 了不起的魔术师:在你为完成练习8-9而编写的程序中,编写一个名为make_great()的函数,对魔术师列表进行修改,在每个魔术师的名字中都加入字样“the Great”。调用函数show_magicians(),确认魔术师列表确实变了。

def show_magicians(magicians):
    for magician in magicians:
        print(magician)


def make_great(magicians):
    for num in range(len(magicians)):
        magicians[num] = 'the Great ' + magicians[num] 


magicians = ['Criss Angel', 'David Copperfield', 'Jason Latimer']
make_great(magicians)
show_magicians(magicians)

输出:

the Great Criss Angel
the Great David Copperfield
the Great Jason Latimer

 
8-11 不变的魔术师:修改你为完成练习8-10而编写的程序,在调用函数make_great()时,向它传递魔术师列表的副本。由于不想修改原始列表,请返回修改后的列表,并将其存储到另一个列表中。分别使用这两个列表来调用show_magicians(),确认一个列表包含的是原来的魔术师名字,而另一个列表包含的是添加了字样“the Great”的魔术师名字。

def show_magicians(magicians):
    for magician in magicians:
        print(magician)


def make_great(magicians):
    for num in range(len(magicians)):
        magicians[num] = 'the Great ' + magicians[num]
    return magicians


magicians = ['Criss Angel', 'David Copperfield', 'Jason Latimer']
new_magicians = make_great(magicians[:])
show_magicians(magicians)
show_magicians(new_magicians)

输出:

Criss Angel
David Copperfield
Jason Latimer
the Great Criss Angel
the Great David Copperfield
the Great Jason Latimer

 
8-12 三明治:编写一个函数,它接受顾客要在三明治中添加的一系列食材。这个函数只有一个形参(它收集函数调用中提供的所有食材),并打印一条消息,对顾客点的三明治进行概述。调用这个函数三次,每次都提供不同数量的实参。

def print_ingredients(*ingredients):
    print("The sandwich include the following ingredients:")
    for ingredient in ingredients:
        print('- ' + ingredient)
    print()

print_ingredients('cheese')
print_ingredients('sausage', 'cheese')
print_ingredients('lettuce', 'sausage', 'cheese')

输出:

The sandwich include the following ingredients:
- cheese

The sandwich include the following ingredients:
- sausage
- cheese

The sandwich include the following ingredients:
- lettuce
- sausage
- cheese
 

 
8-14 汽车:编写一个函数,将一辆汽车的信息存储在一个字典中。这个函数总是接受制造商和型号,还接受任意数量的关键字实参。这样调用这个函数:提供必不可少的信息,以及两个名称—值对,如颜色和选装配件。这个函数必须能够像下面这样进行调用:

car = make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)

打印返回的字典,确认正确地处理了所有的信息。

def build_car_info(manufacturer, model, **other_info):
    car_info = {}
    car_info['manufacturer'] = manufacturer
    car_info['model'] = model
    for key, value in other_info.items():
        car_info[key] = value
    return car_info

car = build_car_info('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

输出:

{'manufacturer': 'subaru', 'model': 'outback', 'tow_package': True, 'color': 'blue'}

 
8-15 打印模型:将示例print_models.py中的函数放在另一个名为printing_functions.py的文件中;在print_models.py的开头编写一条import语句,并修改这个文件以使用导入的函数。

# printing_functions.py
def print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models):
    """ 模拟打印每个设计,直到没有未打印的设计为止
    打印每个设计后,都将其移到列表completed_models中
    """
    while unprinted_designs:
        current_design = unprinted_designs.pop()
        # 模拟根据设计制作3D打印模型的过程
        print("Printing model: " + current_design)
        completed_models.append(current_design)


def show_completed_models(completed_models):
    """显示打印好的所有模型"""
    print("\nThe following models have been printed:")
    for completed_model in completed_models:
        print(completed_model)
# print_models.py
from printing_functions import *

unprinted_designs = ['iphone case', 'robot pendant', 'dodecahedron']
completed_models = []
print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models)
show_completed_models(completed_models)

输出:

Printing model: dodecahedron
Printing model: robot pendant
Printing model: iphone case

The following models have been printed:
dodecahedron
robot pendant
iphone case

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转载自blog.csdn.net/Draymond_666/article/details/79735477