What computers are?
- A high-speed operation of electronic equipment
- For the data arithmetic or logic operation
- Acceptable input information
- It processes the information (program memory) according to user requirements
- Output
(Electronic apparatus, performs an arithmetic or logical operation, by making it a stored program general purpose computer type embodiment)
1. basic computer theory
Theoretical computer has more than 50 years.
- Turing
- shannon
- von Nemumann
The key components of the computer is also not changed.
- CPU
Data Path
Controler - Memory
- I / O
1.1Von Nemumann computer
Stored procedures, binary, architecture
Von Nemumann machine IAS
The originator of modern computer architecture:
- Five features
- It represents the unified program and data, a memory 4096 words, each 40
- Binary data, simplified memory
- Provided only integer arithmetic
1.2. Modern computer
- CPU
Data Path
Controler - Memory
- I / O
Architecture (new developments)
the PIPELINE, hierarchical storage systems, parallel.
2. Computer operating mechanism
Data Path: arithmetic and logic operations to complete, which generally comprises a register.
Control: the component parts of the CPU, which instructions according to a program command datapath, memory and I / O functions to run together to complete the process.
Memory: where to store run-time and data they need.
input: device information into the computer, such as a keyboard, mouse or the like.
output: the result displayed to the user computer device, such as a display, disks, printers, speakers and the like.
3. Turing machine
In 1937, Alan Turing proposed the concept of a "universal" computer, he can do anything a good description of the program (algorithm). Needed functionality, form the basis of the concept of computability.
Thinking storing a program dedicated to the computer from Universal. It is this innovation, creating a new era of the computer.
1950s, turing the concept of "intelligent" computer.
Features Turing machine
general-purpose computer: do not save the results of all issues.
Stored program computer: solving the problems given procedure or process, or the process can be described by a program language.
Limited speed: a computer program execution time is limited.
Limited space: storage space and data storage space of a computer program is limited.
Laid the theoretical foundation of modern computers.
4. The computer hierarchy
High-level language assembly language ------ ------ ------ machine language computer organization and computer architecture to achieve ------ ------ computer system.
tmp=v[k];
v[k]=v[k+1];
v[k+1]=tmp;
lw $t0,0($2)
lw $t1,4($2)
sw $t1,0($2)
sw $t0,4($2)
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