table of Contents
Principles of Computer Organization
Five components of the computer: a controller, the arithmetic unit, memory, input devices, output devices
Three core components of a computer: CPU + memory + external memory
Controller + operator of a central processing unit CPU of the computer
1. Controller
Computer command system
2. The operator
Computing a computer system, arithmetic and logic operations
3. Memory
A computer storage system, data is stored in the mode 0 and 1
Memory (main memory)
It is a computer hardware device that temporarily stores data, the advantage of faster read speed, but smaller capacity and power data will disappear.
External memory
Hardware devices permanently store data in the computer, large capacity, but slower read speed
4. The input device
Computer input device information, such as a keyboard and mouse
The output device
Computer output device information, such as display, printer
Five components of computer 6. Supplementary
1. The multi-core CPU
Multiple CPU, the computer can simultaneously dry multi-thing
2. memory-related
Memory ROM: read-only memory ROM (not write) was completed at the factory programmed, and can no longer be modified. It is generally stored BIOS (Basic input output system) program, which is generally used to start the computer, for controlling or processing the underlying device.
CMOS memory: CMOS memory of a computer built-in battery-powered drive, which is generally held to update the current time and date, that is to say, even if the computer is not charged, will continuously update time; it also can store a boot disk path . (When installed will generally tell the computer operating system in the computer's location, such as C: /)
3. Bus
The equivalent of all the hardware devices of human blood vessels, computer links
4. The mechanical hard disk
Mainly by the robot mechanical hard disk, tracks and sectors
Mechanical arm
Tracks
Sector
Average seek time
The average delay time
5. Solid State Drive
Mainly by the master of SSD flash memory chips at a faster speed and accuracy can access the drive to any location. The integrated circuit in place of the SSD physical disk rotating, entirely due to the internal components: Master - flash - firmware algorithms. Through this SSD components, so that data is stored in each charge manner in the NAND memory cell.
Solid state drive for data storage is based on solid-state electronics (SSD, power data will be retained) and algorithms
Computer Basics of programming
1. What is the programming language
A means of communication between one language, people and computers
2. What is programming
Programming is programming will want to let the computer do be documented, integrated program for the computer can read.
3. Why Programming
Freeing up labor
operating system
1. What is the operating system
The operating system can lead to a better operation of computer hardware, the role of nexus
What is the file
Operating system file to a virtual integration unit, the package as a whole better operation of the computer
What is the application procedure
Located above the application operating system for controlling hardware
Operating System Definition
2. Operating System Definition
Computer hardware and the operating system is located between the application, he controls the management of computer resources and software resources, hardware interfaces packaged as complicated operation, simple operation.
3. Why do you need an operating system
A complete computer system consists of computer hardware, operating systems, and applications
Application: The application is located above the operating system, and does not interact with the hardware
OS: generally used to control the hardware, the hardware to simplify a complicated operation.
Computer Hardware: stored as binary data, such as a hard disk and CPU memory.
4. The role of the operating system
The application can not operate the hardware, those who need to operate the hardware, operating system interfaces are calling
5. Start the operating system and applications
The operating system startup: the operating system code is read into memory from the hard disk (bios), CPU running the system code, after successfully running an operating system hardware to work
Start the application: The application code into memory from the hard disk read ---> CPU running the application code ---> run successfully use the application.