M.2 interface
Also known as NGFF (Next Generation Form Factor), it is a high-speed interface standard for devices such as solid-state drives (SSD) and wireless network adapters. It is a small, high-density, high-speed interface that can be used to replace the traditional SATA interface and PCI Express Mini card interface.
The M.2 interface is usually smaller and more compact than traditional 2.5-inch SSDs, allowing it to fit into smaller devices. In addition, the M.2 interface also provides a higher transmission speed, supports high-speed transmission protocols such as PCI Express 3.0, SATA 3.0, and USB 3.0, and the maximum transmission speed can reach 4GB/s.
The size and interface type of the M.2 interface has various specifications, the most common of which is the 2280 specification, which has a length of 80mm and a width of 22mm. Different specifications and interface types require different interface slots and connectors, so when choosing an M.2 device, you need to pay attention to whether its specifications and interface types are compatible with the motherboard or other devices.
1.M.2 Key M:
The M.2 Key M interface is a specification of the M.2 interface, which is used to connect solid-state drives (SSDs) that support high-speed transmission protocols such as PCI Express and SATA. In the M.2 interface, the Key M interface uses the PCI Express x4 (four pairs of differential pairs of CLK) or PCI Express x2 transmission protocol, which can provide higher transmission speed and better performance. It is mostly used for hard drives, and its notch is on the right, also known as Socket3.
2.M.2Key E:
The M.2 Key E interface is a specification in the M.2 interface and is used to connect wireless network adapters, Bluetooth adapters, NFC adapters, and other low-power devices. The M.2 Key E interface adopts PCI Express x1 or USB 2.0/3.0 transmission protocol, which can provide low power consumption and high speed transmission, and is suitable for connecting low power consumption devices. Its notch is in the middle.
3.M.2Key B:
The M.2 Key B interface is a specification in the M.2 interface, which is used to connect some low-speed devices, such as SATA SSD, Gigabit Ethernet adapter and other low-speed peripherals. M.2 Key B interface adopts PCI Express x2 or SATA 3.0 transmission protocol, the speed is relatively slow, but it is suitable for connecting low-speed devices. Its notch is on the left, also known as Socket2.
4.M.2（B+M）:
This type of interface can be used not only in the B key slot, but also in the M key slot, and even in the B+M slot. Take PCI-Ex2 or SATA
5. Commonly used connector models:
Model: 2199230-4, Supplier: TE
Model: 1-2199230-5, Supplier: TE
Model: 246411067101883M, Supplier: KYOCERA AVX
Model: AS0BC21-S40BE-7H, Supplier: FOXCONN
Model: 91304- 56-052R2, supplier: UMaxconn
The above information is mainly compiled by me in PCB design and Internet search
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