1. What is a project
? "Everything in today's society is a project , everything will become a project" Paul Grace, Chairman & Chairman of the American Project Management Professional Qualification Committee
summarizes according to the characteristics of the project, then we can define the project as "a one-time task performed under limited conditions to achieve a specific goal"
2. What
The intuitive concept of project management
is to manage projects . The personal summary is as follows. Using scientific decision-making, planning, organizing, coordinating, supervising, controlling, and summarizing to meet or exceed the needs and expectations of project stakeholders, this series of activities is both a discipline and an important practice.
3. Qualification certification for project management
a. UK PRINCE (Projects IN controlled Enviroments), process-based structured project management
b, American PMI knowledge system PMBOOK, PMBOOK is a dynamic and static combination, including five dynamic processes and static 4.
Overall project management
a. Specify project charter, including project feasibility, stakeholder impact, project manager authority, overall milestones, total cost
b. Preliminary scope statement, including preliminary work breakdown structure, acceptance criteria, Cost estimation, risk identification
c. Develop project management plan, including: scope, schedule, cost, quality, process improvement, personnel, communication, risk, procurement management
d. Guide and manage project execution, including handling changes, revising budget, schedule deng
e , project monitoring, evaluating project performance, analyzing project risks, and forecasting progress costs
f . Project closure, formal acceptance, process documents into asset library ,
project
summary a. Static investment payback period: Definition It refers to the time formula required to recover the project investment (including fixed asset investment, construction period interest and working capital) with the net income of each year of the project. Investment payback period Pt = cumulative net cash flow begins to appear positive The number of years -1 + the absolute value of the accumulated net cash flow of the previous year / the net cash flow of the current year, such as: initial investment of 1,000,000 yuan, 200,000 yuan in the first year, 400,000 yuan in the second year, and 300 yuan in the third year 000 yuan, 400,000 yuan is recovered in the fourth year, and the annual static cash flow is 1 200 000 2 400 000 3 300 000 4 400 000 : the cumulative net cash flow in the third year: -1 000 000+200 000+400 000+300 000 =-100 000 yuan, the cumulative net cash flow in the fourth year: -1 000 000+200 000+400 000+300 000+400 000=300 000 yuan, the cumulative net cash flow in the fourth year begins to appear positive.
Payback period=4-1+|-100 000|/400 000=3+0.25=3.25 years
b. Definition of dynamic payback period
The payback period is calculated by the present value method considering the time value of funds.
The formula Pt, =[the year when the cumulative present value of net cash flow begins to appear positive]–1+[the cumulative absolute value of the present value of net cash flow in the previous year/the present value of net cash flow in the current year] For
example:
a project will invest 5 million at T0 , it is estimated that T1 and T2 will recover funds of 3 million and 4 million respectively. The known discount rate is 20%
Present value of T0=-500
Present value of T1=300/(1+20%)=250
Present value of T2=400/(1+20%)^2=278
NPV= The sum of the present value of the above three years = 280,000 yuan
and the cumulative present value of T2 is greater than zero, so the dynamic investment payback period = 1 + 250/278 = 1.9
Assuming that the total investment of an enterprise is 49 million yuan, the annual output value after it is put into production It is 9.9 million yuan, and the annual operating cost of the enterprise is 4.5 million yuan. The annual interest rate is 10%, and try to find the payback period of its investment.
T0=-4900
1st year static present value: 490
2nd year static present value: 446
3rd year static present value: 405
4th year static present value: 368
5th year static present value: 335
6th year static present value : 304
7th year static present value: 277
8th year static present value: 251
Year 9 PSV: 229
Year 10 PSV: 208
Year 11 PSV: 189
Year 12 PSV: 172
Year 13 PSV: 156
Year 14 PSV: 142
Year 15 Year
16 PSV: 117
Year 17 PSV: 106
Year 18 PSV: 97
Year 19 PSV: 88
Year 20 PSV: 80
Year 21 PS Present value: 72
22nd year static present value: 66
23rd year static present value: 60
24th year static present value: 54
25th year static present value: 49
The cumulative present value of T25 is greater than zero, so the dynamic payback period =(25-1)+49/54=24.9
and static payback period = T=(10-1)+|-40|/540=9.07
To be continued