1 ) The difference between IT projects and traditional projects
Traditional projects need to go through a long time and use tangible resources. The project results are gradually realized through the consumption of resources and the transformation of forms.
The essence of the IT project is "knowledge transfer", and the project is an intangible intellectual product as the project goal. Typical IT projects are the construction of IT systems (eg system integration) and software development projects.
Therefore, the essence of IT projects is "knowledge transfer", while the essence of construction projects is "resource consumption". Of course, this is not to say that there is no "resource consumption" in IT projects, nor does it mean that there is no "knowledge transfer" in traditional projects. This should be understood dialectically.
2 ) Five Processes of Project Management and IT Project Life Cycle
The project management process is divided into five process groups, each process group consists of multiple processes. Divided into:
start process group
Planning Process Group
execution process group
control process group
closeout process group
Process groups are related to each other, and the output of each process group is the input of another process group. At the same time, each process group is not an independent event, and multiple process groups will be carried out simultaneously in the same stage.
The life cycle of a typical IT project is divided into:
concept stage
requirements analysis stage
planning stage
design phase
execution phase
delivery stage
end stage
The earlier the project stage, the greater the project uncertainty, and the lower the cost of project adjustments or changes. However, with the progress of the project, the uncertainty gradually decreases, and the cost of change, the manpower and resources paid gradually increase, which will increase the difficulty of decision-making.
The five process groups of the project management process are repeated at each stage of the project life cycle.
3 ) Concept stage
The main tasks of the concept stage are:
Assess business needs and opportunities
Develop projects to meet business needs and opportunities
Financial return analysis
Identify relevant project stakeholders
Create a concept plan
Startup project
The most important thing in starting a project is to establish a project charter that empowers the appropriate project manager to carry out the project.
4) Requirement analysis stage
The main tasks of the requirements analysis stage are:
Gather requirements
Analyze and prioritize requirements
Document the defined requirements
Identify what needs to be done and refine the requirements