· In order to better plan the project, the work package should usually be further subdivided into smaller components, namely " activities ". Activities and work packages have a one-to-one or many-to-one relationship, that is, multiple activities may correspond to a work package;
A resource calendar is a calendar that indicates the available workdays or work shifts for each specific resource;
·Developing a project schedule is often an iterative process, and the final approved schedule will be used as a benchmark to control the schedule process;
The schedule benchmark is the approved project schedule;
·The project schedule includes : bar chart (Gantt chart), milestone chart, project schedule network chart, time scale logic diagram (time scale network diagram);
· The project calendar is to specify the working days and shifts in which activities can be carried out;
· Schedule control mainly focuses on : 1. Judging the current state of the project; 2. Influencing the factors that cause the schedule change to ensure that the change develops in a favorable direction; 3. Judging whether the project schedule has changed; 4. When the change When it actually occurs, it is managed strictly according to the change control process.
· Methods to shorten the activity duration : 1. rush work; 2. follow up quickly; 3. narrow the scope; 4. use high-quality resources or more experienced personnel; 5. use new technology; 6. strengthen quality management;
· Common methods for project workload and duration estimation :
1. Delphi method;
2. Analogy estimation, suitable for evaluating some projects that are similar to historical projects in terms of application field, environment and complexity, etc., and obtain scale estimation by comparing with new projects;
3. Parameter estimation method: Based on historical data and project parameters, a certain algorithm is used to calculate the cost or construction period, and the accuracy depends on the maturity of the parameter model and the reliability of the basic data;
4. Reserve analysis: When estimating workload and construction period, contingency reserves should be considered and incorporated into the project schedule to deal with the uncertainty of progress; contingency reserves are related to "known-unknown" risks, and management Reserves are associated with "unknown-unknown" risks;
The Critical Chain Method (CCM) is a schedule planning method that allows the project team to set buffers on any project schedule path to deal with resource constraints or project uncertainty; placed at the end of the critical chain to ensure that the project does not Delays in the critical chain and delay buffers are called project buffers. Other buffers, namely connection buffers;
· Resource optimization technology is a technology to adjust the progress model according to the supply and demand of resources, including:
1. Resource balancing , a technique for adjusting the start date and end date according to resource constraints in order to achieve a balance between resource demand and resource supply. Resource balancing often results in critical path changes , usually lengthening;
2. Resource smoothing , a technique for adjusting activities in a schedule model so that project resource requirements do not exceed predetermined resource limits. In contrast to resource balancing, resource smoothing does not change the project critical path and the completion date is not delayed. That is, the activity is only delayed by its free float time and total float time. Therefore, resource smoothing techniques may not be able to optimize all resources;