英语语法学习笔记(3)并列句

并列句

并列句就是用连词连接两个句子
我爱你。你爱那条狗。
汉语的两个句子写成英语的一个句子的方法
1独立主格(非动词):I loving you, you love that dog.
2并列句:I love you ,bnbut you love that dog.
3从句

常见连词

平行:and ,not only…but also…
//其他(非连词):similarly, equally, likewise, at the same time, in the mean while
转折:but,yet,while,whereas
//其他(非连词):however,nevertheless, on the contrary,conversely unexpectedly,unfortunately
选择:or ,whether…or
//其他(非连词):alternatively
因果:for,so
//其他(非连词):therefore,thus,consequently,as a result
递进:then
//其他(非连词):besides, furthermore, moreover, additionally, subsequently,in additionally

考点分析

1写作 只要写作的上下句之间有逻辑关系 就一定要用逻辑关系词(连词、副词、介词和介词短语)


~爱情早以不在了,他还在留恋过去。
Romance has evaporated,(逗号有没有都行) but she still misses the past.
Romance has evaporated. On the contrary ,she still misses the past.
{@@@当你使用连词的时候 那个逗号有没有都没关系
但是,当你使用上边那些非连词代替连词的时候,你必须得在前一个句子末尾加一个句号}

Romance has evaporated,and on the contrary ,she still misses the past.
{@@你也可以这样写,因为and可以是一个无意义连词}

总结:1使用连词的时候,可以加逗号,也可以不加
	  2使用副词或介词短语时,必须把逗号变成句号
	   或是加上连词and  

~有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎。
没有主语 听到一个字"有"!

  • There remain an army of companies coming from afar,and consequently,I feel more than delighted.
    morethan 只要后边接形容词 就是非常意思

~都说我如水百变,可知我清澈不变。
被字句: 我被说成像水一样多变。。

  • I am claimed changeable like water. By contrast,my clarity keeps consistent.

~你还记得那天吗?我没有通过四级考试,一个人在雨中哭泣,你走过来,拍拍我的肩膀,告诉我人生没有终点。

  • Do you still keep that day in mind? I failed(fail ) to pass CET4, and as a result,I shed(√) tears in the rain alone. at the same time, you came up to me ,and subsequently ,you beat(√) my shouder and told(tell ) me “there exists no destination in life”

2完形填空
只需要读懂,逻辑关系词前后两句话的意思就可以了。

3长难句分析

在分析长难句的时候 只要见到有并列连词的出现 
通常都会有省略
翻译的时候 先把省略的部分 补充上 再翻译  
第二步就是找连词 但是 连词在链接两个单词的时候 
这个连词 就装作没看见

那如何查找省略的内容呢?
一句话只要有省略 就一定会省略在连词后而不是连词前。所以在连词后面有的成分 连词前一定有。连词前面有 而连词后面没有的成分 就是省略的内容
~~


第一个句子
Under modern conditions ,this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
第一步 找谓语
Under modern conditions ,this requires(动词) varying measures of centralized(介词后面跟的是名词 所以它不是动词) control and hence the help(前面有the help是名词) of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
第二步 确定主谓宾
Under modern conditions ,this主语 requires谓语 varying measures宾语 of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
第三步 确定连词
Under modern conditions ,this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and(这个and在并列两个名词我们装作没看见) oerational research experts.
第四步 读一读 看看有没有省略
Under modern conditions(目前),this requires varying measures (这需要各种措施) of centralized control(中央控制) and hence the help of specialized(专业) scientists(科学家) such as economists(经济学家) and operational research experts(操作研究专家).
目前这需要 中央控制的 各种措施 和 专家的帮助 比如说 经济学家 和操作研究学家
第五步 确定省略成分
在这里插入图片描述
所以 就翻译成:目前 这需要 中央调控的 多种措施 和 这也需要 专家的帮助 比如说 经济学家 操作研究学家


第二个句子
The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents,sought out as firends, and pursued romantically.
1
The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents,sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. (动词 两个 suggest 和 and and 前面有that 所以他不是主句谓语动词 suggest 才是)
所以:
主句主语:The data (数据)
主语谓语:suggest (表明)
主句宾语:that 从句
从句主语:physically attractive individuals (靠身体吸引人的人:颜值高的人)
从句谓语:are (是)
从句表语:more likely to be treated well by their parents,sought(seek过去式) out as friends, and pursued romantically. (由and形成的三合一并列句 and 在并列三个成分)——》(更容易被父母好好对待(宠爱),寻找作为朋友 和 浪漫的最求 )

PS:pursued这种 动词加ed 有两种可能 可能是个谓语的过去式
    也可能是 非—谓语动词 

在这里插入图片描述
所以翻译为:数据表明 颜值高的人 更容易受到父母喜爱 更容易交到朋友 更容易受到浪漫的最求

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