实验测量误差与不确定度误差代码块

disp("使用matlab计算间接测量量的不确定度——测量铝杯的密度")
disp("（1）计算各个数据的平均值和实验标准差：（外径D,内径d,高度H，深度h,质量m，测量次数n）")
disp("a.初始数据：")
n = 10
D_list = [2.972,2.976,2.974,2.976,2.97,2.972,2.972,2.97,2.94,2.97]
d_list = [2.2,2.2,2.2,2.16,2.19,2.15,2.178,2.198,2.190,2.2]
H_list = [4.47,4.46,4.46,4.47,4.466,4.48,4.49,4.488,4.472,4.476]
h_list = [3.870,3.874,3.872,3.876,3.850,3.882,3.890,3.870,3.888,3.894]
m_list = [44.9,45.0,44.9,45.0,44.9,44.9,45.0,44.8,44.7,44.9]
disp("b.平均值：")
D_ = mean(D_list)
d_ = mean(d_list)
H_ = mean(H_list)
h_ = mean(h_list)
m_ = mean(m_list)
disp("c.存放在x中：")
x = [D_,d_,H_,h_,m_]

disp("d.方差公式(矩阵代替)：sqrt(mean((xi - x_).^2)/(ni-1))")
S_D = stander_wrong(n,D_list,D_)
S_d = stander_wrong(n,d_list,d_)
S_H = stander_wrong(n,H_list,H_)
S_h = stander_wrong(n,h_list,h_)
S_m = stander_wrong(n,m_list,m_)
S_x = [S_D,S_d,S_H,S_h,S_m];
disp("自由度：")
va = n - 1
disp("");

disp("(2)计算B类不确定度的实验标准差ui，自由度uvi:")
disp("实验标准差ui【测量引起的误差（最小分度值）/sqrt(3)】:")
disp("游标卡尺||游标卡尺||游标卡尺||游标卡尺||电子天平")
ui = [0.002,0.002,0.002,0.002,0.1]/sqrt(3)
disp("");

disp("(3)计算间接测量量的平均值:")
disp("a.密度公式：")
syms D d H h m
p = m/(D^2*H - d^2*h)*4/pi
disp("b.密度平均值(cm^3/g)：")
p_ = vpa(subs(p,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
disp("");

disp("（4）计算A类标准不确定度Sa，自由度va：")
disp("a.接下来求各阶偏导：")
difm = diff(p,m)
difD = diff(p,D)
difd = diff(p,d)
difH = diff(p,H)
difh = diff(p,h)
disp("b.数值代入：")
t1 = vpa(subs(difm,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
t2 = vpa(subs(difD,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
t3 = vpa(subs(difd,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
t4 = vpa(subs(difH,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
t5 = vpa(subs(difh,[D,d,H,h,m],x),4)
t = [t1,t2,t3,t4,t5];
disp("c.计算A类不确定度:")
Sa =sqrt(sum((t.*S_x).^2));
Sa = vpa(Sa,4)%转成小数格式

disp("d.计算自由度:")
va = Sa^4/sum((t.*S_x).^4./va);
va = vpa(va,4)%转成小数格式
disp("");

disp("（5）计算B类不确定度的分量Sb，自由度vb");
Sb = vpa(sqrt(sum((t.*ui).^2)),4)
vb = vpa(Sb^4/sum((t.*ui).^4),4)
disp("");

disp("（6）计算合成标准不确定度：")
S = vpa(sqrt(Sa^2 + Sb^2),4)
disp("(7)计算有效自由度：")
v = vpa(S^4/(Sa^4/va^4 + Sb^4/vb^4),4)
disp("(8)扩展不确定度（查表知tp）：")
tp = 1.96
N = vpa(tp*S,4)
disp("(9)测量结果密度p(g/cm^3)：")
disp(p_);