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完全参照数据访问对象模式|菜鸟教程但不包括IOS代码
数据访问对象模式
数据访问对象模式(Data Access Object Pattern)或 DAO 模式用于把低级的数据访问 API 或操作从高级的业务服务中分离出来。以下是数据访问对象模式的参与者。
- 数据访问对象接口(Data Access Object Interface) - 该接口定义了在一个模型对象上要执行的标准操作。
- 数据访问对象实体类(Data Access Object concrete class) - 该类实现了上述的接口。该类负责从数据源获取数据,数据源可以是数据库,也可以是 xml,或者是其他的存储机制。
- 模型对象/数值对象(Model Object/Value Object) - 该对象是简单的 POJO,包含了 get/set 方法来存储通过使用 DAO 类检索到的数据。
Android
Student
public class Student {
private String name;
private int rollNo;
Student(String name, int rollNo){
this.name = name;
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getRollNo() {
return rollNo;
}
public void setRollNo(int rollNo) {
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
}
StudentDao.java
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentDao {
public List<Student> getAllStudents();
public Student getStudent(int rollNo);
public void updateStudent(Student student);
public void deleteStudent(Student student);
}
StudentDaoImpl
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
//列表是当作一个数据库
List<Student> students;
public StudentDaoImpl(){
students = new ArrayList<Student>();
Student student1 = new Student("Robert",0);
Student student2 = new Student("John",1);
students.add(student1);
students.add(student2);
}
@Override
public void deleteStudent(Student student) {
students.remove(student.getRollNo());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo()
+", deleted from database");
}
//从数据库中检索学生名单
@Override
public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
return students;
}
@Override
public Student getStudent(int rollNo) {
return students.get(rollNo);
}
@Override
public void updateStudent(Student student) {
students.get(student.getRollNo()).setName(student.getName());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo()
+", updated in the database");
}
}
DaoPatternDemo
public class DaoPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDaoImpl();
//输出所有的学生
for (Student student : studentDao.getAllStudents()) {
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : "
+student.getRollNo()+", Name : "+student.getName()+" ]");
}
//更新学生
Student student =studentDao.getAllStudents().get(0);
student.setName("Michael");
studentDao.updateStudent(student);
//获取学生
studentDao.getStudent(0);
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : "
+student.getRollNo()+", Name : "+student.getName()+" ]");
}
}
结果
Student: [RollNo : 0, Name : Robert ]
Student: [RollNo : 1, Name : John ]
Student: Roll No 0, updated in the database
Student: [RollNo : 0, Name : Michael ]
IOS
Student.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface Student : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString* name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) int rollNo;
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString*)name rollNo:(int)rollNo;
@end
Student.m
#import "Student.h"
@interface Student()
@end
@implementation Student
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString*)name rollNo:(int)rollNo
{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
self.name = name;
self.rollNo = rollNo;
}
return self;
}
- (NSString *)description
{
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Student: [RollNo : %d , Name : %@]", self.rollNo, self.name];
}
@end
StudentDaoImpl.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Student.h"
@protocol StudentDao <NSObject>
-(NSArray*)getAllStudents;
-(Student*)getStudent:(int)rollNo;
-(void)updateStudent:(Student*)student;
-(void)deleteStudent:(Student*)student;
@end
@interface StudentDaoImpl : NSObject <StudentDao>
@end
StudentDaoImpl.m
#import "StudentDaoImpl.h"
@interface StudentDaoImpl ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *students;
@end
@implementation StudentDaoImpl
- (instancetype)init
{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
self.students = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
Student *student1 = [[Student alloc] initWithName:@"Robert" rollNo:0];
Student *student2 = [[Student alloc] initWithName:@"John" rollNo:1];
[self.students addObject:student1];
[self.students addObject:student2];
}
return self;
}
- (void)deleteStudent:(Student *)student {
[self.students removeObject:student];
NSLog(@"Student: roll No %d , deleted from database.", student.rollNo);
}
- (NSArray *)getAllStudents {
//self.students removeObject:
return self.students;
}
- (Student *)getStudent:(int)rollNo {
if(rollNo <= [self.students count]) {
return [self.students objectAtIndex:rollNo];
}
return nil;
}
- (void)updateStudent:(Student *)student {
[[self.students objectAtIndex:student.rollNo] setName:student.name];
NSLog(@"Student: Roll No %d ,updated in the database.", student.rollNo);
}
@end
ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
id<StudentDao> studentDao = StudentDaoImpl.new;
//输出所有的学生
for (Student *student in [studentDao getAllStudents]) {
NSLog(@"%@", [student description]);
}
//更新学生
Student *student = [[studentDao getAllStudents] objectAtIndex:0];
[student setName:@"Michael"];
[studentDao updateStudent:student];
//获取学生
NSLog(@"%@", [[studentDao getStudent:0] description]);
}
结果
Student: [RollNo : 0 , Name : Robert]
Student: [RollNo : 1 , Name : John]
Student: Roll No 0 ,updated in the database.
Student: [RollNo : 0 , Name : Michael]