Win10+Ubuntu20.4 dual system installation detailed tutorial (including bios settings)

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foreword

At present, windows is commonly used for office work, but it is not convenient to deploy applications such as docker and opensstark on windows, and the office environment is inconsistent, so the record is to reinstall an ubuntu20.04.4 system on the original computer, and deploy dual systems for daily development work

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1. Prepare the environment for installing ubuntu

Confirm the memory and bios information through the windows system msinfo32

1. Enter the keyboard and press win+r (win: start key/that is, the key of the Windows logo), and enter msinfo32 in the input box, as follows:
2. Press Enter to confirm the bios type and memory information, and the pop-up window is as follows:

Make room for a new operating system

1. Confirm the hard disk information, the specific operation is as follows, enter computer management in the search box, and then click the search with the mouse, as shown in the following figure:
2. After clicking, enter the following figure and confirm that there are several hard drives
3. Compress the corresponding space according to the number of hard disks, as shown in the figure below
4. The operation of compressing space = steps, first right-click on the partition to be compressed (the last partition of the disk), and the pop-up box is as follows:
5. Compressed space, as follows:

2. Steps to make Ubuntu boot disk

Download the ubuntu image

1. Use a browser to enter the ubuntu official website to download the iso system, the URL is: https://ubuntu.com/download
2. Since I am here to download the desktop version of the system, to download the latest version of the system, click as follows:
3. The address for downloading the historical version of the ubuntu system is: https://releases.ubuntu.com/ , after entering, the page is as follows, if you want to download the corresponding system, click to download it:
   4. Click the corresponding system to enter the following page , the download will start automatically after one click:

Use UltraSO Floppy to write the Ubuntu image into the U disk

1. Download and install UltraSO Floppy, provide an installation package download link:

Link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NISBXclUmtT_kI8c7t0aAw Extraction code: m8jx

2. Install and open UltralSO, plug in the U disk, pay attention that the U disk will be formatted/overwritten

UltralSO is registered for a fee, but we are only using it for a short period of time, so we can click "Trial" without purchasing a paid registration code, as shown below:

3. Enter UltraSO, click "Select File", and open the directory/location where the ubuntu you have downloaded is located, select the unbuntu image (change it to your own Ubuntu image), click to open, as shown below:
4. Click "Start" on the menu bar above UltralSO, and then click "Write Hard Disk Image":

According to the interface that appears, check the information
1) The hard disk drive must correspond to the U disk used (generally the default is)
2) The image file must correspond to the downloaded ubuntu image
3) Click "Format"
4) After the U disk is formatted , click "Write", and wait for about 10 minutes, the writing is complete

3. The title uses a U disk to install a new system

BIOS boot settings

1. Enter the BIOS_SETUP page, select the U disk to boot

Computers of different manufacturers/brands (Dell, Lenovo)
have different shortcut keys to enter the BIOS_Setup setting page. You can search for them yourself, but most machines can enter BIOS_Setup by repeatedly pressing the del, F1, and F2 keys immediately after clicking the power button. Set the page, then set the first boot item to the corresponding U disk, then press F10 to save and exit, the example picture is as follows:

Installation process

2. Boot through the U disk and enter the Ubuntu system installation page, as follows:

3. Click normal installation, you can also choose to connect to the network or wifi during installation, but if you choose, it will prolong the installation time, because some files will be downloaded online, as shown below

4. Select the hard disk and create corresponding partitions. Next, it is recommended to select "Other options" to divide the disks by yourself.

5. Create a partition to boot and start a partition. The difference between UEFI mode and traditional mode is that traditional mode uses /boot to start, and UEFI uses efi to boot and start. Therefore, when creating a partition table here, select the respective mount point according to your own BIOS type. and file type, the recommended size of this partition is 200M, the example is as follows:

6. Then create the following partitions

• swap: This is the swap area directory of Linux, that is, ubuntu. The size is generally twice the size of the memory. When the computer memory is insufficient, the system calls this area to run the program. It can be divided into 4~8G, the file format is swap space, English swap
• /: This is the root directory of Linux, that is, ubuntu. It is a backslash, which is equivalent to the C drive of Windows. We divide it into 10~20G, and the file format is ext4. It can be larger if conditions permit. After all, ubuntu installs software
  . installed here by default
• ./home: This is the "other disk" of ubuntu, or the personal directory, which is equivalent to the DEF disk of Windows. In order to make the personal directory larger, all the remaining storage space is allocated to it. The file format is ext4
  

7. Select "Installation and boot drop-down menu", just created the "/boot" or "efi" file in step 1), now look at the number in front of this area, install the boot device, and select "/boot" Or "efi" file, the corresponding number and then find the corresponding number in the "installation boot drop-down menu", as shown in the figure below, it is /dev/sbd2 ("/boot" or "efi", the example in the figure is efi)
   

8. Afterwards, follow the prompts to complete the installation normally, and the installation time is about 15 minutes;

BIOS settings after installation

1. Refer to the BIOS startup setting Zhang Jie, enter the boot page, and enter the menu circled by the red frame in the figure below
2. After entering the menu, select ubuntu as the first startup item, as shown in the following figure:
3. After saving and restarting, you can see the following page. By default, you can enter ubuntu, and you can also enter windows. If you don’t make settings, you may automatically enter the windows system without a selection menu.
   

4. Finally, there are some ubuntu system installation related links

1. Dual system installation method + configuration graphics card + root permission + flash deployment https://blog.csdn.net/codeHonghu/article/details/111940656
2. Ubuntu20.04 installation detailed graphic tutorial (dual system) https://huaweicloud.csdn.net/6356034cd3efff3090b58a9b.html
3. Tsinghua Tsinghua University open source software mirror station, ubuntu download address
   https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-releases/