8. SpringMVC:整合SSM
环境要求
环境:
- IDEA
- MySQL 8.0.12
- Tomcat 9
- Maven 3.5
要求:
- 需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库,Spring,JavaWeb及MyBatis知识,简单的前端知识;
数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for books
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of books
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('1', 'Java', '1', '从入门到放弃');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('2', 'MySQL', '10', '从删库到跑路');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('3', 'Linux', '5', '从进门到进牢');
基本环境搭建
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新建一Maven项目! ssmbuild , 添加web的支持
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导入相关的pom依赖!
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.microsoft</groupId> <artifactId>ssm-01-collect</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!--测试--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--工具--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.16.20</version> </dependency> <!--log4j2--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId> <version>2.10.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId> <version>2.10.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId> <version>2.10.0</version> </dependency> <!--数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.13</version> </dependency> <!--数据库连接池--> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!--servlet->jsp--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.3</version> </dependency> <!--Spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <!--资源过滤问题--> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build> </project>
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Maven资源过滤设置
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
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建立基本结构和配置框架!
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com.microsoft.pojo
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com.microsoft.mapper
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com.microsoft.service
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com.microsoft.controller
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mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>
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ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans>
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log4j2 xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <Configuration status="WARN" monitorInterval="600"> <Appenders> <!--这个输出控制台的配置,这里输出除了warn和error级别的信息到System.out--> <Console name="console_out_appender" target="SYSTEM_OUT"> <!-- 控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息(onMatch),其他的直接拒绝(onMismatch) 优先级,即DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR, --> <ThresholdFilter level="ERROR" onMatch="DENY" onMismatch="ACCEPT"/> <!-- 输出日志的格式 --> <PatternLayout pattern="%5p [%t] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} (%F:%L) %m%n"/> </Console> </Appenders> <Loggers> <!-- 配置日志的根节点 --> <root level="trace"> <appender-ref ref="console_out_appender"/> </root> <!-- 第三方日志系统 --> <logger name="org.springframework.core" level="info"/> <logger name="org.springframework.beans" level="info"/> <logger name="org.springframework.context" level="info"/> <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="info"/> <logger name="org.jboss.netty" level="warn"/> <logger name="org.apache.http" level="warn"/> </Loggers> </Configuration>
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Mybatis层编写
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数据库配置文件 database.properties
db.driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver db.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSl=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC db.username = root db.password = 111111
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IDEA关联数据库
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编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <settings> <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J2"/> </settings> <typeAliases> <package name="com.microsoft.pojo"/> </typeAliases> <mappers> <package name="com.microsoft.mapper"/> </mappers> </configuration>
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编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件!package com.kuang.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books { private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail; }
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编写Dao层的 Mapper接口!
package com.microsoft.mapper; import com.microsoft.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper { int addBook(Books book); int deleteBookById(int id); int updateBook(Books book); Books queryBookById(int id); List<Books> queryAllBooks(); }
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编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.microsoft.mapper.BookMapper"> <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books"> insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail}); </insert> <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int"> delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}; </delete> <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books"> update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookNmae}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail} where bookID = #{bookID}; </update> <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}; </select> <select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books; </select> </mapper>
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编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口:public interface BookService { int addBook(Books book); int deleteBookById(int id); int updateBook(Books book); Books queryBookById(int id); List<Books> queryAllBooks(); }
实现类:
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//service层调用Mapper层,组合Mapper
@Setter
private BookMapper mapper;
public int addBook(Books book) {
return mapper.addBook(book);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return mapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books book) {
return mapper.updateBook(book);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return mapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
return mapper.queryAllBooks();
}
}
OK,到此,底层需求操作编写完毕!
Spring层
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配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池;
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我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--1. 关联数据库文件--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!--2. 连接池 dbcp:半自动化操作,不能自动连接 c3p0:自动化操作(自动加载配置文件,自动加载到对象中) druid: --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${db.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!--3. SqlSessionFactory--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!--绑定mybatis配置文件--> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --> <!--解释 : https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.microsoft.mapper"/> </bean> </beans>
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Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--1. 扫描service下的包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.microsoft.service"/> <!--2. 将所有的业务类注入到申请Spring--> <bean id="bookService" class="com.microsoft.service.BookServiceImpl"> <property name="mapper" ref="bookMapper"/> </bean> <!--3. 声明式事务配置--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> </beans>
Spring层搞定!再次理解一下,Spring就是一个大杂烩,一个容器!对吧!
SpringMVC层
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web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--乱码过滤--> <filter> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--DispatchServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:ApplicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
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spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.microsoft.controller" /> </beans>
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Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/> <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/> <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/> </beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!Controller 和 视图层编写
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BookController 类编写 , 方法一:查询全部书籍
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { @Autowired @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl") BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks(); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; } }
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编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <style type="text/css"> a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a> </h3> </body> </html>
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书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>书籍列表</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 column"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a> </div> </div> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <table class="table table-hover table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>书籍编号</th> <th>书籍名字</th> <th>书籍数量</th> <th>书籍详情</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}"> <tr> <td>${book.getBookID()}</td> <td>${book.getBookName()}</td> <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td> <td>${book.getDetail()}</td> <td> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> | <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook") public String toAddPaper() { return "addBook"; } @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addPaper(Books books) { System.out.println(books); bookService.addBook(books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>新增书籍</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>新增书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post"> 书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br> 书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br> 书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br> <input type="submit" value="添加"> </form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook") public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) { Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id); System.out.println(books); model.addAttribute("book",books ); return "updateBook"; } @RequestMapping("/updateBook") public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) { System.out.println(book); bookService.updateBook(book); Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID()); model.addAttribute("books", books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>修改信息</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>修改信息</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/> 书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/> 书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/> 书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}") public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) { bookService.deleteBookById(id); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
配置Tomcat,进行运行!
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!这个练习十分的重要,大家需要保证,不看任何东西,自己也可以完整的实现出来