[学习笔记]springmvc:整合SSM

环境要求：

IDEA + Mysql + Tomcat9 + Maven 3.6

数据库准备：

CREATE TABLE `books` (
  `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
  `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
  `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'Mysql',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到坐牢');

项目创建：

1 创建项目，并导入依赖到pom.xml文件

<!--依赖：junit, 数据库驱动、连接池、servlet、jsp、mybatis、mybatis-spring、 spring-->
<dependencies>
    <!--junit依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.19</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库连接池：c3p0-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--servlet jsp依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<!--静态资源导出问题-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

2 连接数据库
在这里插入图片描述 3 在创建目录结构controller, dao, service, pojo;
在resources目录下创建spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml 、mybatis的配置文件mybatis-config.xml 和数据库配置文件database.properties

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
</beans>

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#如果mysql是8.0版本以上的话，需要在url里面配置时区，否则报错。
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

Mybatis整合（Model层，dao,service）

1 创建实体类(在pojo中)

public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

2 创建数据访问接口（dao）及与接口对应的配置文件BookMapper.xml

public interface BookMapper {
    int addBook(Books books);//增
    int delBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);//删
    int updBook(Books books);//改
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);//查1
    List<Books> queryAllBook();//查2
}

BookMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>

    <delete id="delBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID};
    </delete>

    <update id="updBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books set
        bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
        where bookID=#{bookID};
    </update>

    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>
</mapper>

对应接口的配置文件写好以后，需要绑定到mybatis-config.xml中，如下：

<mappers>
    <!--<mapper resource="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
    注意配置文件的名字是否和接口名字一样，如果一样可以绑定class类型
    -->
    <mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>

3 编写业务层

public interface BookService {
    int addBook(Books books);//增
    int delBookById(int id);//删
    int updBook(Books books);//改
    Books queryBookById(int id);//查1
    List<Books> queryAllBook();//查2
}

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    //service层调dao层，组合Dao
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int delBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.delBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

Spring层

在resource文件夹中创建spring-dao.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
    <!--连接池
    dbcp:  半自动化操作，不能自动连接
    c3p0:  自动化操作，自动化加载配置文件，可以自动设置到对象中
    druid:hikari:
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <!--以上四个属性必有的，下面是拓展-->
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!--关闭连接后不自动提交-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="100000"/>  <!--超时时间-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>  <!--获取连接失败时重试次数-->
    </bean>

    <!--sqlsessionfactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置dao接口扫描包，动态实现dao接口注入到spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sqlsessionfactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--要扫描的包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

在resource文件夹中创建spring-service.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <!--扫描service下的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service"/>

    <!--将所有的业务类注入到spring，可以通过配置和注解实现-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!--声明式事物配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  <!--注入数据源-->
    </bean>
</beans>

注：如果应用的mapper爆红，说明spring的各个配置文件没关联起来，可以在applicationContext.xml中导入进行关联。

SpringMVC层

1 加入web支持：
在这里插入图片描述
2 配置web.xml

<servlet>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<!--DispatcherServlet要绑定spring的配置文件-->
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:springmvc-mvc.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--
/：匹配的是所有的请求，但不包含jsp页面请求
/*：匹配的是所有请求，以及jsp页面
-->
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--session过期时间-->
 <session-config>
     <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
 </session-config>

3 在resources目录下创建spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--扫描controller包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
    <!--注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--不处理静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

至此，ssm框架整合完毕，剩下的就是开发controller，及业务的实现。

简单开发一个controller：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    //controller 调 service层
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")   //spring-service.xml中配置的bean name
    private BookService bookService;

    //查询全部书籍
    @RequestMapping("/allbook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("booklist",list);
        return "allbook";
    }
}

前端JSP页面

<c:forEach var="book" items="${booklist}">
   <tr>
       <td>${book.bookID}</td>
       <td>${book.bookName}</td>
       <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
       <td>${book.detail}</td>
   </tr>
</c:forEach>

增：
前端：

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addbook" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="bkname">书籍名称：</label>
            <input name="bookName" type="text" class="form-control" id="bkname" placeholder="书籍名称" required />
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="bookCounts">书籍数量：</label>
            <input name="bookCounts" type="text" class="form-control" id="bookCounts" placeholder="书籍数量" required />
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="detail">书籍描述：</label>
            <input name="detail" type="text" class="form-control" i**d="detail" placeholder="书籍描述"  required />
        </div>**
        <input type="submit" class="button" value="提交" />
    </form>

//添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/addbook")
public String addBook(Books books){
   bookService.addBook(books);
   return "redirect:/book/allbook";
}

删：

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/delbook?id=${book.bookID}" class="btn btn-primary green">删除</a>

//删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/delbook")
public String addBook(int id){
    bookService.delBookById(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allbook";
}

改：

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdBook?bookid=${book.bookID}" class="btn btn-primary green">修改</a>

数据回显

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updBook" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="bkname">书籍编号：</label>
            <input name="bookID" type="text" class="form-control" id="bookID" value="${backmsg.bookID}" required />
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="bkname">书籍名称：</label>
            <input name="bookName" type="text" class="form-control" id="bkname" value="${backmsg.bookName}" required />
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="bookCounts">书籍数量：</label>
            <input name="bookCounts" type="text" class="form-control" id="bookCounts" value="${backmsg.bookCounts}" required />
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="detail">书籍描述：</label>
            <input name="detail" type="text" class="form-control" id="detail" value="${backmsg.detail}"  required />
        </div>
        <input type="submit" class="button" value="提交" />
    </form>
</div>

//去修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdBook")
    public String toUpdBook(@RequestParam("bookid") int id,Model model){
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        model.addAttribute("backmsg",books);
        return "updbook";
    }

    //修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updBook")
    public String UpdBook(Books books){
        bookService.updBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allbook";
    }

查：

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allbook">前往书籍页面</a>

//查询全部书籍
    @RequestMapping("/allbook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("booklist",list);
        return "allbook";
    }

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