前言
本章将通过一个图书管理案例,将之前所学到的MyBatis,Spring,SpringMVC的知识串起来,整合SSM框架。
使用的技术:
- MySQL(8.0.28)
- MyBatis (3.5.7)
- Spring
- SpringMVC
- 页面展示部分用了一点儿BootStrap
- Lombok
使用IDEA进行开发。
源码托管到了Gitee上:https://gitee.com/blossoming819/ssmbuild.git
1、搭建数据库
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
2、导入依赖
使用Maven构建项目,导入依赖更方便,只需在Maven项目中的pom.xml中添加配置即可,依赖可以在Maven仓库中获取到。
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.22</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.28</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet jsp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
为了避免资源或者配置找不到的问题,我们在Maven的配置里添加资源过滤,依然是在pom.xml中配置。
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
3、构建项目结构
首先需要新建一个图书类Books
package com.princehan.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
/**
* @Description
* @Author:PrinceHan
* @CreateTime:2022/4/19 12:51
*/
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
4、配置SSM框架
整合SSM要实现dao,service,controller三个方面
4.1、dao层
配置MyBatis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.princehan.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.princehan.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
编写连接数据库的配置文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=0925
由于本案例使用的数据源为c3p0,所以前缀要加上jdbc
,在测试过程中,发现不加会报错
配置dao层的spring,连接MyBatis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--连接池-->
<!--使用c3p0的数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--sqlSessionfactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定MyBatis-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--配置扫描dao-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="com.princehan.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
编写BookMapper
接口
package com.princehan.dao;
import com.princehan.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description
* @Author:PrinceHan
* @CreateTime:2022/4/19 12:57
*/
public interface BookMapper {
int addBook(Books book);
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
int updateBook(Books book);
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
List<Books> queryAllBook();
List<Books> queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String name);
}
编写BookMapper
接口的映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.princehan.dao.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById">
delete
from books
where bookID = #{bookID}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update books
set bookName = #{bookName},
bookCounts = #{bookCounts},
detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select *
from books
where bookID = #{bookID}
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select *
from books
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select *
from books
where bookName = #{bookName};
</select>
</mapper>
4.2、service层
编写BookService
接口
package com.princehan.service;
import com.princehan.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description
* @Author:PrinceHan
* @CreateTime:2022/4/19 13:17
*/
public interface BookService {
int addBook(Books book);
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
int updateBook(Books book);
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
List<Books> queryAllBook();
List<Books> queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String name);
}
编写实现类
package com.princehan.service;
import com.princehan.dao.BookMapper;
import com.princehan.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description
* @Author:PrinceHan
* @CreateTime:2022/4/19 13:17
*/
@Service
//service注解表示这是一个bean,放入到了IOC容器
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//业务层调用dao层
private BookMapper bookMapper;
@Autowired
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(book);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryBookByName(String name) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByName(name);
}
}
配置spring的service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.princehan.service"/>
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中,使用注解可以不配置这个-->
<!-- <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.princehan.service.BookServiceImpl">-->
<!-- <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>-->
<!-- </bean>-->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4.3、controller层
编写BookController
接口
package com.princehan.controller;
import com.princehan.pojo.Books;
import com.princehan.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description
* @Author:PrinceHan
* @CreateTime:2022/4/19 14:11
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
//自动装配
// @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
}
配置spring的controller层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.princehan.controller"/>
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4.4、整合dao,service,controller层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
</beans>
5、功能实现
5.1、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--1.注册DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动级别-1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--/ 匹配所有的请求;(不包括.jsp)-->
<!--/* 匹配所有的请求;(包括.jsp)-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
5.2、编写主页index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allbook">书籍界面</a></h3>
</body>
</html>
5.3、展示所有书籍allBook.jsp
编写展示页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>数据展示部分</title>
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
<span style="color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
编写controller
@RequestMapping("/allbook")
public String queryAllBook(Model model) {
List<Books> books = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", books);
return "allBook";
}
当点击书籍界面时,发动请求,service层获取到书籍列表,通过model携带数据,跳转到allBook.jsp页面。
5.4、修改书籍
这一功能的完成可以分为两步进行:跳转到修改页面,修改书籍,因此有两个请求。
修改指定的书籍需要传递书籍的id
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">更改</a>
修改页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.bookID}">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookName">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" value="${book.bookName}" class="form-controller" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookCounts">书籍数量</label>
<input type="text" id="bookCounts" name="bookCounts" value="${book.bookCounts}" class="form-controller" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="detail">书籍详情</label>
<input type="text" id="detail" name="detail" value="${book.detail}" class="form-controller" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
跳转到修改页面
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books book = bookService.queryBookById(id);
System.out.println(book);
model.addAttribute("book", book);
return "updateBook";
}
修改数据,前端的数据通过name属性,被controller获取到,这里我们获取的是一个对象。
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books book) {
bookService.updateBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/allbook";
}
修改后重定向至展示书籍的界面。
5.5、删除书籍
根据书籍id删除书籍,请求上需要携带id,这里使用的是Restful风格,更加简洁。
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
@RequestMapping("/del/{id}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allbook";
}
删除后重定向至书籍展示页面。
5.6、添加书籍
依然可以分成两步进行,跳转到书籍增添页面,增添书籍。
书籍增添页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookName">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookCounts">书籍数量</label>
<input type="text" id="bookCounts" name="bookCounts" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="detail">书籍详情</label>
<input type="text" id="detail" name="detail" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
跳转到书籍增添页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
增添书籍
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books book) {
bookService.addBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/allbook";
}
5.7、查询书籍
<form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
<span style="color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" value="${queryBookName} class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {
List<Books> books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
if (books.size() > 0) {
model.addAttribute("list", books);
} else {
model.addAttribute("error", "查无此书");
}
model.addAttribute("queryBookName", queryBookName);
return "allBook";
}
6、小结
到此为止,通过这个小案例完成了SSM的整合,实现了对书籍的增删改查,希望能对大家有帮助。