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SpringBoot 2.1.7 集成 Spring Data MongoDB
使用SpringBoot集成 Spring Data MongoDB有两种方式，本文使用IDEA搭建：
- 1.Spring Initializr
- 2.使用IDEA插件
环境信息：
OS：Win10
Jdk：JavaSE 8
Ide：Idea Ultimate
Spring Boot：2.1.7.RELEASE
2.创建Web项目
Idea集成了Spring Initializr，新建项目：
- 1.选择Spring Initializr
-
2.填写基本信息
-
3.选择需要的工具
选择Web和Spring Data MongoDB等必要依赖：
- 4.确认完成
忽略我的其他项目：
3.创建数据库&表
3.1 创建数据库
手动或命令创建数据库studentService：
3.2 创建数据表
右键数据库，打开Open Shell执行Js脚本：
- 1.创建表
var names = db.getCollectionNames();
// -- Create Collections --
if (!names.includes('students')) {
db.createCollection("students", {});
print("create collection students");
}
if (!names.includes('scores')) {
db.createCollection("scores", {});
print("create collection scores");
}
- 2.创建表索引
// -- Create students indexes --
var studentsIndexNames = db.userRoles.getIndexes().map(function (i) {
return i.name
});
if (!studentsIndexNames.includes('unique_name_address')) {
db.students.createIndex({
"name": 1,
"address": 1
}, {
name: "unique_name_address",
background: true,
unique: true
});
print('create students index unique_name_address');
}
// -- Create scores indexes --
var scoresIndexNames = db.scores.getIndexes().map(function (i) {
return i.name
});
if (!scoresIndexNames.includes('unique_studentId_subject')) {
db.scores.createIndex({
"studentId": 1,
"subject": 1
}, {
name: "unique_studentId_subject",
background: true,
unique: true
});
print('create scores index unique_studentId_subject');
}
3.3 插入初始化数据
var studentsResult = db.students.findOne({"name": "Even"});
if (studentsResult == null) {
db.students.insert([ /* 1 */
{
"name" : "Even",
"age" : 9.0,
"sex" : "Male",
"address" : "Xian",
"hobbies" : [
"YuWen",
"English"
]
},
/* 2 */
{
"name" : "Weison",
"age" : 10.0,
"sex" : "Male",
"address" : "Henan",
"hobbies" : [
"Wuli",
"English"
]
},
/* 3 */
{
"name" : "Angule",
"age" : 13,
"sex" : "Female",
"hobbies" : [
"YuWen",
"English"
],
"address" : "Chengdu",
"_class" : "com.wxx.sbm.domain.Student"
}]);
}
var scoresResult = db.scores.findOne({"studentName": "Even"});
if (scoresResult == null) {
db.scores.insert([/* 1 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f09",
"subject" : "YuWen",
"studentName" : "Weison",
"subjectScore" : 90
},
/* 2 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f09",
"subject" : "English",
"studentName" : "Weison",
"subjectScore" : 98
},
/* 3 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f09",
"subject" : "ShuXue",
"studentName" : "Weison",
"subjectScore" : 59
},
/* 4 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f08",
"subject" : "YuWen",
"studentName" : "Even",
"subjectScore" : 90
},
/* 5 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f08",
"subject" : "English",
"studentName" : "Even",
"subjectScore" : 98
},
/* 6 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48dc820fd614486f1c1f08",
"subject" : "ShuXue",
"studentName" : "Even",
"subjectScore" : 59
},
/* 7 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48f09b4cf1451aad930f54",
"subject" : "YuWen",
"studentName" : "Angule",
"subjectScore" : 90
},
/* 8 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48f09b4cf1451aad930f54",
"subject" : "English",
"studentName" : "Angule",
"subjectScore" : 98
},
/* 9 */
{
"studentId" : "5d48f09b4cf1451aad930f54",
"subject" : "ShuXue",
"studentName" : "Angule",
"subjectScore" : 59
}]);
}
预览数据：
4.集成Spring Data MongoDB
4.1 配置MongoDB链接信息
application-dev.yml：
spring:
data:
mongodb:
database: studentService
host: localhost
port: 27017
4.2 创建Domain
Student:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
@Document(collection = "students")
public class Student {
@Id
@JsonSerialize(using = ObjectIdSerializer.class)
private ObjectId id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private List<String> hobbies;
private String address;
}
Score:
@Data
@Builder
@Document(collection = "scores")
public class Score {
@Id
@JsonSerialize(using = ObjectIdSerializer.class)
private ObjectId id;
//学生编号
@JsonSerialize(using = ObjectIdSerializer.class)
private ObjectId studentId;
private String studentName;
//科目
private String subject;
//科目成绩
private Integer subjectScore;
}
StudentScore:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class StudentScore {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private Score score;
}
StudentScores:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class StudentScores {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private List<Score> scoreList;
}
4.3 创建StudentRepository
StudentRepository 继承自 CrudRepository，可以通过方法名映射来定义方法：
public interface StudentRepository extends CrudRepository<Student, ObjectId> {
public Student findStudentByName(String name);
public Student findStudentByNameAndSex(String name, String sex);
public Student findStudentByNameIn(List<String> name);
public Integer deleteStudentByName(String name);
}
方法名映射，参考：https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/current/reference/html/#jpa.query-methods.query-creation
4.4 创建CustomizedStudentRepository
当方法名映射无法满足需求的时候，可以自定义Repository，通过调用MongoTemplate的API来实现复杂查询、多表关联查询等：
@Repository
public class CustomizedStudentRepositoryImpl implements CustomizedStudentRepository {
@Autowired
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
@Override
public StudentScore findStudentScoreByName(String name) {
return null;
}
/**
* 查找大于"10"岁 性别是"男" 并且 爱好"语文"和"英语"的 童鞋们
*
* @return
*/
public List<Student> findStudentListByAgeAndSexAndHobbies() {
Query query = query(where("age").gte(10)
.and("sex").is("Male")
.orOperator(where("hobbies").is("YuWen"),
where("hobbies").is("English")));
List<Student> students = mongoTemplate.find(query, Student.class, "students");
return students;
}
/**
* 查询所有童鞋和他们的各科成绩
*
* @return
*/
public List<StudentScores> findStudentScoreList() {
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(
newLookup()
.from("scores")
.localField("name")
.foreignField("studentName")
.as("scores"),
project()
.andExpression("name").as("name")
.andExpression("age").as("age")
.andExpression("sex").as("sex")
.andExpression("scores").as("scoreList"));
AggregationResults<StudentScores> aggregationResults = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "students", StudentScores.class);
List<StudentScores> studentScores = aggregationResults.getMappedResults();
return studentScores;
}
/**
* 查询大于"10岁" 喜欢"语文"或"英语" 的"男孩" 的 "英语"成绩
*
* @return
*/
public List<StudentScore> findStudentScores() {
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(
newLookup()
.from("scores")
.localField("name")
.foreignField("studentName")
.as("scores"),
match(where("age").gte(10)
.and("sex").is("Male")
//.and("scores.subjectScore").gt(60) 这里不生效
.orOperator(where("hobbies").is("YuWen"), where("hobbies").is("English"))),
project()
.andExpression("name").as("name")
.andExpression("age").as("age")
.andExpression("sex").as("sex")
.andExpression("scores").as("score"),
unwind("score"),
match(where("score.subject").is("English")));
AggregationResults<StudentScore> aggregationResults = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "students", StudentScore.class);
List<StudentScore> studentScores = aggregationResults.getMappedResults();
return studentScores;
}
}
定制化Repository，参考：https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/current/reference/html/#repositories.single-repository-behavior
4.5 创建Service
@Service
public class StudentService {
@Autowired
private StudentRepository studentRepository;
@Autowired
private CustomizedStudentRepository customizedStudentRepository;
public Student addStudent(Student student) {
return studentRepository.save(student);
}
public Integer deleteStudentByName(String name) {
return studentRepository.deleteStudentByName(name);
}
public Student updateStudent(Student student) {
Student studentByName = studentRepository.findStudentByName(student.getName());
student.setId(studentByName.getId());
Student saveStudent = studentRepository.save(student);
return saveStudent;
}
public Student findStudentById(ObjectId id) {
Optional<Student> studentOptional = studentRepository.findById(id);
return studentOptional.orElseGet(Student::new);
}
public Student findStudentByNameAndSex(String name, String sex) {
Student student = studentRepository.findStudentByNameAndSex(name, sex);
return student;
}
public List<Student> findStudents() {
List<Student> students = (List) studentRepository.findAll();
return students;
}
public List<Student> findStudentsById(List<ObjectId> ids) {
List<Student> students = (List) studentRepository.findAllById(ids);
return students;
}
public List<Student> findStudentListByAgeAndSexAndHobbies() {
List<Student> studentList = customizedStudentRepository.findStudentListByAgeAndSexAndHobbies();
return studentList;
}
public List<StudentScores> findStudentScoreList() {
List<StudentScores> studentScoreList = customizedStudentRepository.findStudentScoreList();
return studentScoreList;
}
public List<StudentScore> findStudentScores() {
List<StudentScore> studentScoreList = customizedStudentRepository.findStudentScores();
return studentScoreList;
}
}
4.6 创建Controller
@RestController
public class StudentController {
@Autowired
private StudentService studentService;
@GetMapping("/students")
public List<Student> getStudentList() {
List<Student> students = studentService.findStudents();
return students;
}
@PostMapping("/students")
public Student saveStudent(@RequestBody Student student) {
Student addStudent = studentService.addStudent(student);
return addStudent;
}
@DeleteMapping("/students/{name}")
public Integer deleteStudentByName(@PathVariable String name) {
Integer deleteNum = studentService.deleteStudentByName(name);
return deleteNum;
}
@PutMapping("/students")
public Student updateStudent(@RequestBody Student student) {
Student updateStudent = studentService.updateStudent(student);
return updateStudent;
}
@GetMapping("/students/list")
public List<Student> getStudentListByAgeAndSexAndHobbies() {
List<Student> studentList = studentService.findStudentListByAgeAndSexAndHobbies();
return studentList;
}
@GetMapping("/students/scores")
public List<StudentScores> getStudentScoresList() {
List<StudentScores> studentList = studentService.findStudentScoreList();
return studentList;
}
@GetMapping("/students/score")
public List<StudentScore> getStudentScoreList() {
List<StudentScore> studentScores = studentService.findStudentScores();
return studentScores;
}
}
两个比较复杂的接口返回：
/students/scores：
/students/score：
代码 --> https://github.com/WeisonWei/springboot-aggregation/tree/master/springboot-mvc-mongodb