1、创建工程
scrapy startproject tencent
2、创建项目
scrapy genspider mahuateng
3、既然保存到数据库，自然要安装pymsql
pip install pymysql
4、settings文件，配置信息，包括数据库等
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Scrapy settings for tencent project # # For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or # commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation: # # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html BOT_NAME = 'tencent' SPIDER_MODULES = ['tencent.spiders'] NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'tencent.spiders' LOG_LEVEL="WARNING" LOG_FILE="./qq.log" # Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.131 Safari/537.36' # Obey robots.txt rules #ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True # Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16) #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32 # Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay # See also autothrottle settings and docs #DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3 # The download delay setting will honor only one of: #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16 #CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16 # Disable cookies (enabled by default) #COOKIES_ENABLED = False # Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default) #TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False # Override the default request headers: #DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = { # 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', # 'Accept-Language': 'en', #} # Enable or disable spider middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html #SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'tencent.middlewares.TencentSpiderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable downloader middlewares # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html #DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = { # 'tencent.middlewares.TencentDownloaderMiddleware': 543, #} # Enable or disable extensions # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html #EXTENSIONS = { # 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None, #} # Configure item pipelines # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'tencent.pipelines.TencentPipeline': 300, } # Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html #AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True # The initial download delay #AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5 # The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies #AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60 # The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to # each remote server #AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0 # Enable showing throttling stats for every response received: #AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False # Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default) # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings #HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True #HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0 #HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache' #HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = [] #HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage' # 连接数据MySQL # 数据库地址 MYSQL_HOST = 'localhost' # 数据库用户名: MYSQL_USER = 'root' # 数据库密码 MYSQL_PASSWORD = 'yang156122' # 数据库端口 MYSQL_PORT = 3306 # 数据库名称 MYSQL_DBNAME = 'test' # 数据库编码 MYSQL_CHARSET = 'utf8'
5、items.py文件定义数据字段
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define here the models for your scraped items # # See documentation in: # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html import scrapy class TencentItem(scrapy.Item): """ 数据字段定义 """ postId = scrapy.Field() recruitPostId = scrapy.Field() recruitPostName = scrapy.Field() countryName = scrapy.Field() locationName = scrapy.Field() categoryName = scrapy.Field() lastUpdateTime = scrapy.Field() pass
6、mahuateng.py文件主要是抓取数据
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy import json import logging class MahuatengSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = 'mahuateng' allowed_domains = ['careers.tencent.com'] start_urls = ['https://careers.tencent.com/tencentcareer/api/post/Query?timestamp=1561688387174&countryId=&cityId=&bgIds=&productId=&categoryId=&parentCategoryId=40003&attrId=&keyword=&pageIndex=1&pageSize=10&language=zh-cn&area=cn'] pageNum = 1 def parse(self, response): """ 数据获取 :param response: :return: """ content = response.body.decode() content = json.loads(content) content=content['Data']['Posts'] #删除空字典 for con in content: #print(con) for key in list(con.keys()): if not con.get(key): del con[key] #记录每一个岗位信息 # for con in content: # yield con #print(type(con)) yield con #logging.warning(con) #####翻页###### self.pageNum = self.pageNum+1 if self.pageNum<=118: next_url = "https://careers.tencent.com/tencentcareer/api/post/Query?timestamp=1561688387174&countryId=&cityId=&bgIds=&productId=&categoryId=&parentCategoryId=40003&attrId=&keyword=&pageIndex="+str(self.pageNum)+"&pageSize=10&language=zh-cn&area=cn" yield scrapy.Request( next_url, callback=self.parse )
7、pipelines.py文件主要是对数据进行处理，包括将数据存储到mysql
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define your item pipelines here # # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting # See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html import logging from pymysql import cursors from twisted.enterprise import adbapi import time # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_HOST # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_USER # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_PASSWORD # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_PORT # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_DBNAME # # from tencent.settings import MYSQL_CHARSET import copy class TencentPipeline(object): #函数初始化 def __init__(self,db_pool): self.db_pool=db_pool @classmethod def from_settings(cls,settings): """类方法，只加载一次，数据库初始化""" db_params = dict( host=settings['MYSQL_HOST'], user=settings['MYSQL_USER'], password=settings['MYSQL_PASSWORD'], port=settings['MYSQL_PORT'], database=settings['MYSQL_DBNAME'], charset=settings['MYSQL_CHARSET'], use_unicode=True, # 设置游标类型 cursorclass=cursors.DictCursor ) # 创建连接池 db_pool = adbapi.ConnectionPool('pymysql', **db_params) # 返回一个pipeline对象 return cls(db_pool) def process_item(self, item, spider): """ 数据处理 :param item: :param spider: :return: """ myItem={} myItem["postId"] = item["PostId"] myItem["recruitPostId"] = item["RecruitPostId"] myItem["recruitPostName"] = item["RecruitPostName"] myItem["countryName"] = item["CountryName"] myItem["locationName"] = item["LocationName"] myItem["categoryName"] = item["CategoryName"] myItem["lastUpdateTime"] = item["LastUpdateTime"] logging.warning(myItem) # 对象拷贝，深拷贝 --- 这里是解决数据重复问题！！！ asynItem = copy.deepcopy(myItem) # 把要执行的sql放入连接池 query = self.db_pool.runInteraction(self.insert_into, asynItem) # 如果sql执行发送错误,自动回调addErrBack()函数 query.addErrback(self.handle_error, myItem, spider) return myItem # 处理sql函数 def insert_into(self, cursor, item): # 创建sql语句 sql = "INSERT INTO tencent (postId,recruitPostId,recruitPostName,countryName,locationName,categoryName,lastUpdateTime) VALUES ('{}','{}','{}','{}','{}','{}','{}')".format( item['postId'], item['recruitPostId'], item['recruitPostName'], item['countryName'], item['locationName'], item['categoryName'],item['lastUpdateTime']) # 执行sql语句 cursor.execute(sql) # 错误函数 def handle_error(self, failure, item, spider): # #输出错误信息 print("failure", failure)
8、创建数据库表
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer Source Server : 本机 Source Server Version : 50519 Source Host : localhost:3306 Source Database : test Target Server Type : MYSQL Target Server Version : 50519 File Encoding : 65001 Date: 2019-06-28 12:47:06 */ SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for tencent -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tencent`; CREATE TABLE `tencent` ( `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `postId` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `recruitPostId` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `recruitPostName` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `countryName` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `locationName` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `categoryName` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `lastUpdateTime` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1181 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
完美收官！