Visual C++游戏编程基础之平面地图贴图

一、基本思路

1.地图由3*4张图块组成，列方向4块，行方向3块，这里有3种不同颜色的图块；

2.将3张不同的图块分别用0、1、2表示，建立地图数组，8行8列，用0、1、2这三个数进行初始化

3.建立空白位图存到mdc，循环整个地图数组，从第一个开始，根据数组值(0或1或2)取出对应的地图，存到内存bufdc中

4.根据索引值计算行列编号，计算贴图坐标，并一张一张的贴到mdc中，mdc最后再贴到hdc；

   公式：列编号=索引值/每一列图块的个数

              行编号=索引值%每一列图块的个数

二、代码如下

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>

HINSTANCE hInst;
HBITMAP fullmap;//bitmap handle，存储初始化函数中完成的地图
HDC		mdc;   //内存DC句柄mdc

const int rows = 8,cols = 8;

ATOM				MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL				InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK	WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void				MyPaint(HDC hdc);

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
	MSG msg;

	MyRegisterClass(hInstance);

	if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) 
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) 
	{
		TranslateMessage(&msg);
		DispatchMessage(&msg);
	}
	
	return msg.wParam;
}

ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
	WNDCLASSEX wcex;

	wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 
	wcex.style			= CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wcex.lpfnWndProc	= (WNDPROC)WndProc;
	wcex.cbClsExtra		= 0;
	wcex.cbWndExtra		= 0;
	wcex.hInstance		= hInstance;
	wcex.hIcon			= NULL;
	wcex.hCursor		= NULL;
	wcex.hCursor		= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wcex.hbrBackground	= (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
	wcex.lpszMenuName	= NULL;
	wcex.lpszClassName	= "canvas";
	wcex.hIconSm		= NULL;

	return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
	HWND hWnd;
	HDC hdc,bufdc;

	hInst = hInstance;

	hWnd = CreateWindow("canvas", "绘图窗口" , WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

	if (!hWnd)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	MoveWindow(hWnd,10,10,430,450,true);
	ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);
	
	int mapIndex[rows*cols] = { 2,2,2,2,0,1,0,1,  //材1
								0,2,2,0,0,0,1,1,  //材2
								0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,  //材3
								2,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,  //材4
								2,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,  //材5
								2,0,0,0,2,2,0,0,  //材6
								0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1,  //材7
								0,0,2,0,0,0,1,1 }; //材8
	hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
	mdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
	bufdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
	fullmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,cols*50,rows*50);//行数*图块宽；列数*图块高，建立空白位图fullmap

	SelectObject(mdc,fullmap);//将fullmap存入到mdc中

	HBITMAP map[3];
	char filename[20] = "";
	int rowNum,colNum;
	int i,x,y;

	for(i=0;i<3;i++)
	{
		sprintf(filename,"map%d.bmp",i);//利用循环把图片的文件名存到filename
		map[i] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,filename,IMAGE_BITMAP,50,50,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
	}

	for (i=0;i<rows*cols;i++)
	{
		SelectObject(bufdc,map[mapIndex[i]]);//把图块存入到bufdc

		rowNum = i / cols;   //计算列编号
		colNum = i % cols;   //计算行编号
		x = colNum * 50;     //左上角X坐标：行编号*图块宽度
		y = rowNum * 50;     //左上角Y坐标：列编号*图块高度

		BitBlt(mdc,x,y,50,50,bufdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);//把地图贴到mdc上
	}

	MyPaint(hdc);

	ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);
	DeleteDC(bufdc);

	return TRUE;
}

void MyPaint(HDC hdc)
{
	SelectObject(mdc,fullmap);
	BitBlt(hdc,10,10,cols*50,rows*50,mdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	PAINTSTRUCT ps;
	HDC hdc;

	switch (message)
	{
		case WM_PAINT:						
			hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
			MyPaint(hdc);
			EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
			break;
		case WM_DESTROY:				
			DeleteDC(mdc);
			DeleteObject(fullmap);
			PostQuitMessage(0);
			break;
		default:						
			return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
   }
   return 0;
}

三、效果