写在前面
Hi，我是新海，一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读，于是萌生了一个翻译计划，准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读，通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词，短语以及语法，更深刻理解考研阅读。
下面是我的第22篇，所有中文释义，均是由本人整理翻译，当然也有不够完善的地方，欢迎大家评论补充。
Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined.
大多数生长的植物含有的水比所有其他物质的总和都要多。
C. R. Darnes has suggested that it is as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick – a brick building.
C.R.达恩斯建议，把这种植物称之为水结构就像称之为主要由砖砌成的房子一样恰当——砖砌建筑。
Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plant and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state.
可以肯定的是，植物生长发育的所有基本过程都发生在水中。植物可以利用的来自土壤的矿物元素必须先溶解在土壤溶液中，然后才能进入根部。它们被运送到生长植物的所有部分，并在溶解状态下被构建成必需的植物材料。
The carbon dioxide from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars – the base material from which the plant body is mainly built.
来自空气中的二氧化碳可能以气体的形式进入叶子，但在与部分水结合形成简单糖之前，它被溶解在叶子中的水中，而简单糖是植物主体的主要构成材料。
Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, may have much less water than growing tissues.
积极生长的植物部分通常是75到90%的水。植物的结构部分，例如木质茎不再活跃地生长，可能比生长中的组织含有更少的水分。
重点词汇
- other materials其他材料
- water structure水结构
- brick building砖砌建筑
- mineral elements矿质元素
- soil solution土壤溶液
- essential plant芳香植物
- dissolved state溶解状态
- carbon dioxide二氧化碳
- combined with化合，联合; 连同
- base material基材; 母材
The actual amount of water in the plant at any one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development.
然而，在任何时候，植物中的实际水量只是在其发育过程中流经植物的很小一部分。
The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined – in the presence of chlorophyll (叶绿素) and with energy derived from light – to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves.
光合作用过程中，二氧化碳和水在叶绿素（叶绿素）存在下，与来自光的能量结合，形成糖，需要空气中的二氧化碳进入植物。这主要发生在叶子上。
The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters.
叶子表面不结实，但含有大量的微小开口，二氧化碳通过该开口进入。
The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, permits another gas – water vapor – to be lost from it.
然而，允许一种气体进入叶子的相同结构允许另一种气体——水蒸气——从叶子中消失。
Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities (3 to 4 parts in 10,000 parts of air) and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf (at 80F, saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in 10,000 parts of air), the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake.
由于空气中二氧化碳仅以微量存在(10000份空气中3至4份)，并且叶内的空气空间中的水蒸气接近饱和(在80F，10000份空气中饱和空气将包含约186份水蒸气)，因此水蒸气的总量就是水蒸气的总量。损失是二氧化碳吸收的很多倍。
Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates (碳水化合物).
实际上，由于风和其他因素，水的损失与二氧化碳摄取量的比例可能甚至大于两种气体的相对浓度。而且，并非所有进入叶片的二氧化碳都合成为碳水化合物。
重点词汇
- actual amount实际金额
- very small眇；小不点儿；藐；芾
- carbon dioxide二氧化碳
- in the presence of在面前
- derived from采自
- leaf surface叶面
- great numbers大数
- water vapor水汽
- in the air悬而未决; 传开， 流行开来; 半空中; 空际
- parts of部分
写在最后
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作者：新海
12月6日晚