青蛙走迷宫问题--滴滴笔试

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题目:迷宫矩阵(n*m)的每一个元素可以是0或1,1表示可走,0表示走不通,迷宫的入口为(0,0),出口为(0,m-1)。青蛙的体力值为P,向右走消耗1个体力值,向下走不消耗体力值,向上走消耗3个体力值。如果体力消耗最少的路径所消耗的体力值大于P,则输出“Can not escape”,否则,输出青蛙走出迷宫的体力消耗最少的路径和消耗的体力值。
输入:第一行:n m P;
第n-1行:迷宫矩阵
例:输入:
4 4 10
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
输出:0,0->1,0->2,0->2,1->2,2->2,3->1,3->0,3
9


代码

采用深度优先搜索,递归的向右、下、上三个方向搜索

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
int flag=0; //全局变量,判断是否有路可以走
/**********************************
n,m:当前访问的位置
path:记录路径
minpath:记录最小路径
power:当前剩余能量
minpower:最大剩余能量(消耗最少能量)
mazing:迷宫
visited:记录节点是否被访问过
**********************************/
void dfs(int n, int m, int x, int y,vector<int>& path,vector<int>& minpath,int power,int &minpower,
        vector<vector<int>>& mazing, vector<vector<int>>& visited)
{
    if (power < 0)
        return;
    if (x == 0 && y == m - 1)
    {
        if (power > minpower)
        {
            path.push_back(x);
            path.push_back(y);
            flag = 1;  //找到一次就让标记置1,说明有通路
            minpower = power;
            minpath = path;
            path.pop_back();
            path.pop_back();
        }           
    }
    else{

            path.push_back(x);
            path.push_back(y);
            visited[x][y] = 1;
            if (x + 1 < n && visited[x + 1][y] == 0 && mazing[x+1][y] == 1)
                dfs(n, m, x + 1, y, path, minpath, power, minpower, mazing, visited);
            if (x - 1 >= 0 && visited[x - 1][y] == 0 && mazing[x-1][y] == 1)
                dfs(n, m, x - 1, y, path, minpath, power-3, minpower, mazing, visited);
            if (y + 1 < m && visited[x][y+1] == 0 && mazing[x][y+1] == 1)
                dfs(n, m, x, y+1, path, minpath, power-1, minpower, mazing, visited);
            path.pop_back();
            path.pop_back();
            visited[x][y] = 0;
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    int n, m, P;
    int minP = 0; 
    cin >> n >> m >> P;
    vector<vector<int>> mazing(n, vector<int>(m, 0));
    vector<vector<int>> visited(n, vector<int>(m, 0)); //动态二维数组定义!!
    vector<int> path;
    vector<int> minpath;    
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
        {
            cin >> mazing[i][j];
        }
    }   

    dfs(n, m,0,0,path,minpath,P,minP,mazing,visited); //核心程序,递归

    if (flag)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < minpath.size(); i += 2)
            cout << minpath[i] << "," << minpath[i + 1] << "->";
        cout << endl;
        cout << P - minP; 
    }
    else
        cout << "Can not escape";

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

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