一、安装jdk
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1.安装jdk
a)下载jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz
b)tar开
$>su centos ; cd ~
$>mkdir downloads
$>cp /mnt/hdfs/downloads/bigdata/jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz ~/downlooads
$>tar -xzvf jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz
c)创建/soft文件夹
$>sudo mkdir /soft
$>sudo chown centos:centos /soft
d)移动tar开的文件到/soft下
$>mv ~/downloads/jdk-1.8.0_65 /soft/
e)创建符号连接
$>ln -s /soft/jdk-1.8.0_65 /soft/jdk
f)验证jdk安装是否成功
$>cd /soft/jdk/bin
$>./java -version
二、修改centos配置环境变量
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1.编辑/etc/profile
$>sudo nano /etc/profile
...
export JAVA_HOME=/soft/jdk
exprot PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
2.使环境变量即刻生效
$>source /etc/profile
3.进入任意目录下,测试是否ok
$>cd ~
$>java -version
三、安装hadoop
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1.安装hadoop
a)下载hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
b)tar开
$>su centos ; cd ~
$>cp /mnt/hdfs/downloads/bigdata/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz ~/downloads
$>tar -xzvf hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
c)无
d)移动tar开的文件到/soft下
$>mv ~/downloads/hadoop-2.7.3 /soft/
e)创建符号连接
$>ln -s /soft/hadoop-2.7.3 /soft/hadoop
f)验证jdk安装是否成功
$>cd /soft/hadoop/bin
$>./hadoop version
2.配置hadoop环境变量
$>sudo nano /etc/profile
...
export JAVA_HOME=/soft/jdk
exprot PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/soft/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
3.生效
$>source /etc/profile
四、配置hadoop伪分布式
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1.standalone(local)
nothing !
不需要启用单独的hadoop进程。
2.Pseudodistributed mode
伪分布模式。
a)进入${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop目录
b)编辑core-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost/</value>
</property>
</configuration>
c)编辑hdfs-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
d)编辑mapred-site.xml
注意:cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
e)编辑yarn-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>localhost</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
</configuration>
f)配置SSH
1)检查是否安装了ssh相关软件包(openssh-server + openssh-clients + openssh)
$yum list installed | grep ssh
2)检查是否启动了sshd进程
$>ps -Af | grep sshd
3)在client侧生成公私秘钥对。
$>ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
4)生成~/.ssh文件夹，里面有id_rsa(私钥) + id_rsa.pub(公钥)
5)追加公钥到~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中(文件名、位置固定)
$>cd ~/.ssh
$>cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
6)修改authorized_keys的权限为644.
$>chmod 644 authorized_keys
7)测试
$>ssh localhost
五、配置hadoop完全分布式
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1.克隆3台client(centos7)
右键centos-7-->管理->克隆-> ... -> 完整克隆
2.启动client
3.启用客户机共享文件夹。
4.修改hostname和ip地址文件
a./etc/hostname
s201 ...
b./etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.231.201 s201
192.168.231.202 s202
192.168.231.203 s203
192.168.231.204 s204
...
c.[/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethxxxx]
...
IPADDR=..
5.重启网络服务
$>sudo service network restart
6.修改/etc/resolv.conf文件
nameserver 192.168.231.2
7.重复以上3 ~ 6过程.将所有的客户机全部修改
8.准备完全分布式主机的ssh
a.删除所有主机上的/home/centos/.ssh/*
b.在s201主机上生成密钥对
$>ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
c.将s201的公钥文件id_rsa.pub远程复制到202 ~ 204主机上。
并放置/home/centos/.ssh/authorized_keys
$>scp id_rsa.pub centos@s201:/home/centos/.ssh/authorized_keys
$>scp id_rsa.pub centos@s202:/home/centos/.ssh/authorized_keys
$>scp id_rsa.pub centos@s203:/home/centos/.ssh/authorized_keys
$>scp id_rsa.pub centos@s204:/home/centos/.ssh/authorized_keys
d.配置完全分布式(${hadoop_home}/etc/hadoop/)
[core-site.xml]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://s201/</value>
</property>
</configuration>
[hdfs-site.xml]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>3</value>
</property>
</configuration>
[mapred-site.xml]
不变
[yarn-site.xml]
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>s201</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
</configuration>
[slaves]
s202
s203
s204
[hadoop-env.sh]
...
export JAVA_HOME=/soft/jdk
...
e.分发配置
$>cd /soft/hadoop/etc/
$>scp -r full centos@s202:/soft/hadoop/etc/
$>scp -r full centos@s203:/soft/hadoop/etc/
$>scp -r full centos@s204:/soft/hadoop/etc/
f.删除符号连接
$>cd /soft/hadoop/etc
$>rm hadoop
$>ssh s202 rm /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
$>ssh s203 rm /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
$>ssh s204 rm /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
g.创建符号连接
$>cd /soft/hadoop/etc/
$>ln -s full hadoop
$>ssh s202 ln -s /soft/hadoop/etc/full /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
$>ssh s203 ln -s /soft/hadoop/etc/full /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
$>ssh s204 ln -s /soft/hadoop/etc/full /soft/hadoop/etc/hadoop
h.删除临时目录文件
$>cd /tmp
$>rm -rf hadoop-centos
$>ssh s202 rm -rf /tmp/hadoop-centos
$>ssh s203 rm -rf /tmp/hadoop-centos
$>ssh s204 rm -rf /tmp/hadoop-centos
i.删除hadoop日志
$>cd /soft/hadoop/logs
$>rm -rf *
$>ssh s202 rm -rf /soft/hadoop/logs/*
$>ssh s203 rm -rf /soft/hadoop/logs/*
$>ssh s204 rm -rf /soft/hadoop/logs/*
j.格式化文件系统
$>hadoop namenode -format
k.启动hadoop进程
$>start-all.sh
六、配置hadoop，使用符号连接的方式，让三种配置形态共存。
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1.创建三个配置目录,内容等同于hadoop目录
${hadoop_home}/etc/local
${hadoop_home}/etc/pesudo
${hadoop_home}/etc/full
2.创建符号连接
$>ln -s
3.对hdfs进行格式化
$>hadoop namenode -format
4.修改hadoop配置文件，手动指定JAVA_HOME环境变量
[${hadoop_home}/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh]
...
export JAVA_HOME=/soft/jdk
...
5.启动hadoop的所有进程
$>start-all.sh
6.启动完成后，出现以下进程
$>jps
33702 NameNode
33792 DataNode
33954 SecondaryNameNode
29041 ResourceManager
34191 NodeManager
7.查看hdfs文件系统
$>hdfs dfs -ls /
8.创建目录
$>hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /user/centos/hadoop
9.通过webui查看hadoop的文件系统
http://localhost:50070/
10.停止hadoop所有进程
$>stop-all.sh
七、centos防火墙操作
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[cnetos 6.5之前的版本]
$>sudo service firewalld stop //停止服务
$>sudo service firewalld start //启动服务
$>sudo service firewalld status //查看状态
[centos7]
$>sudo systemctl enable firewalld.service //"开机启动"启用
$>sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service //"开机自启"禁用
$>sudo systemctl start firewalld.service //启动防火墙
$>sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service //停止防火墙
$>sudo systemctl status firewalld.service //查看防火墙状态
[开机自启]
$>sudo chkconfig firewalld on //"开启自启"启用
$>sudo chkconfig firewalld off //"开启自启"禁用
八、配置SSH
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生成密钥对$>ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
添加认证文件$>cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
权限设置,文件和文件夹权限除了自己之外，别人不可写。$>chmod 700 ~/.ssh$>chmod 644 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
九、no route 问题
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关闭防火墙。
$>su root
$>xcall.sh "service firewalld stop"
$>xcall.sh "systemctl disable firewalld"