spring security 从入门到精通(一)

企业开发 2018-05-09 19:15:26 阅读次数: 2

本系列教程主要介绍spring security 的配置与初步使用

一、基础知识

对于spring、springmvc、mysql数据库有了解

二、基础环境搭建

0.项目结构

 

1.pom.xml

 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <!--项目组织唯一的标识符 -->
    <groupId>com.xiaofeng</groupId>
    <!--项目的唯一的标识符 -->
    <artifactId>SSM_SECURITY_DEMO</artifactId>
    <!--项目版本 -->
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!--项目的打包类型-->
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>SSM_SECURITY_DEMO</name>

    <properties>
        <!-- spring -->
        <spring.version>4.2.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version>
        <!-- mysql -->
        <mysql.connector.version>5.1.30</mysql.connector.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <!-- spring核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.connector.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

 注意：此处使用的是security 4.0.3版本的

 

 

2.web.xml

  配置spring security的filter

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml,classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- Spring监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

注意：spring secur的filter的name必须是springSecurityFilterChain，至于为什么自己去查酷

 

3.spring-servlet.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
	<!-- 自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm" />

	<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
	<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
		<property name="url" value="${url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${password}" />
		<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
		<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
		<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
		<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
		<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
		<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
		<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
		<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
		<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

 

 

 

4.spring-mvc.xml

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd"> 
                        
	<!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller" />
	
	 <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
	 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping">
	 </bean>
	 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
	 </bean>

	<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置-->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>


</beans>

 springmvc 最精简配置

 

 

6.spring-security.xml

 注意 csrf的配置，默认开启

提供写死测试用的用户和连接数据库形式的用户（建表语句，在本文最后）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
             xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-4.0.xsd ">

    <!--关闭表达式形式-->
    <http use-expressions="false" auto-config="false">
        <!-- login.jsp页面允许匿名登录-->
        <intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY" />
        <!-- 此处配置不同请求,需要不同的权限-->
        <intercept-url pattern='/**' access="ROLE_USER" />
        <!-- 自定义登录页面-->
        <form-login
                login-page='/login.jsp'
                default-target-url="/hello"
                login-processing-url="/j_spring_security_check"
                username-parameter="j_username"
                password-parameter="j_password"
                always-use-default-target="true"
                authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true"
        />
        <!--启用csrf防跨域攻击-->
        <csrf disabled="false"/>
        <access-denied-handler error-page="/403.jsp"/>
    </http>

    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <!-- 测试用户,写死在配置用文件中 -->
            <!--<user-service>
                <user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER" />
            </user-service>-->
            <!-- 读取数据库用户角色表,获取用户权限信息 -->
            <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
                               users-by-username-query="select username,password,1 as enabled from user WHERE username=?"
                               authorities-by-username-query="select u.username, r.name as role from user u,user_role ur, role r where u.id=ur.user_Id and r.id = ur.role_Id and u.username=?"
            />
        </authentication-provider>
    </authentication-manager>

</beans:beans>

 

7.jdbc.properties数据库配置文件

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=1t4!@#w
initialSize=0
maxActive=20
maxIdle=20
minIdle=1
maxWait=60000

 

8.login.jsp

<%@ page import="org.springframework.util.StringUtils" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>user login</h1>

${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION}

<form:form action="j_spring_security_check" method="post">
    输入用户名<input type="text" name="j_username"/><br/>
    输入密码<input type="password" name="j_password"/><br/>
    <input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}" />
    <input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form:form>

</body>
</html>

 

 

测试数据库sql

/* create security tables */

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
CREATE TABLE `role` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'id',
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'name',
  `descn` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'descn',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='角色表';

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('1', 'ROLE_ADMIN', '管理员角色');
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('2', 'ROLE_USER', '用户角色');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'id',
  `username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'username',
  `password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'password',
  `status` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'status',
  `descn` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'descd',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `AK_Key_1` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表';

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', 'admin', 'admin', '1', '管理\r\n员');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'user', 'user', '1', '用户\r\n');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', 'favccxx', 'favboy', '1', '帅锅');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
  `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户表_id',
  `role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色表_id',
  KEY `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_ROLE` (`role_id`),
  KEY `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_USER` (`user_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_USER` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_ROLE` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户角色表';

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('1', '1');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('2', '2');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('3', '2');

 

结束

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