learnOpenGL-光照贴图

企业开发 2023-09-30 04:05:02 阅读次数: 0

漫反射贴图和镜面贴图
有纹理贴图采用来获取漫反射光照和镜面光照的值

main.cpp

#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "shader.h"
#include "stb_image.h"
#include <glm.hpp>
#include <gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
#include "Camera.h"

GLfloat vertices[] = {
    
    
	// positions          // normals           // texture coords
   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,

   -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,

   -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,

	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,

   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,

   -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
   -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f
};

Camera* myCamera = new Camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));

void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos) {
    
    
	myCamera->mouseCb(xpos, ypos);
};

void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
{
    
    
	myCamera->scrollCb(xoffset, yoffset);
}

GLfloat deltaTime = 0.0f;
GLfloat lastFrame = 0.0f;

void processInput(GLFWwindow* window) {
    
    
	GLfloat currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
	deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
	lastFrame = currentFrame;
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
		glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_W) == GLFW_PRESS) {
    
    
		myCamera->pressKeyW(deltaTime);
	}
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_S) == GLFW_PRESS) {
    
    
		myCamera->pressKeyS(deltaTime);
	}
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_A) == GLFW_PRESS) {
    
    
		myCamera->pressKeyA(deltaTime);
	}
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_D) == GLFW_PRESS) {
    
    
		myCamera->pressKeyD(deltaTime);
	}
}

glm::vec3 lightPos(1.2f, 1.0f, 2.0f);//声明全局变量表示光源在场景的坐标

int main()
{
    
    
	glfwInit();
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);

	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

	GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "test", nullptr, nullptr);
	if (window == nullptr)
	{
    
    
		std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

	//glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);

	glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
	glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);

	glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
	if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK)
	{
    
    
		std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLEW" << std::endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}

	glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600);

	GLuint VAO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
	glBindVertexArray(VAO);

	GLuint VBO;
	glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(3* sizeof(GLfloat)));
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
	glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(6 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);

	GLuint lightVAO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &lightVAO);
	glBindVertexArray(lightVAO);
	// 只需要绑定VBO不用再次设置VBO的数据，因为容器(物体)的VBO数据中已经包含了正确的立方体顶点数据
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

	glBindVertexArray(0);

	int width, height;
	unsigned char* image = stbi_load("container2.png", &width, &height, 0, 0);
	GLuint tex;
	glGenTextures(1, &tex);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex);
	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image);
	glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);

	unsigned char* image1 = stbi_load("container2_specular.png", &width, &height, 0, 0);
	GLuint tex1;
	glGenTextures(1, &tex1);
	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex1);
	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image1);
	glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);

	glm::mat4 model;
	glm::mat4 view;
	glm::mat4 projection;

	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

	Shader* testShader = new Shader("test.vert", "test.frag");

	glm::vec3 lightColor(0.33f, 0.42f, 0.18f);
	glm::vec3 toyColor(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.31f);
	glm::vec3 result = lightColor * toyColor; // = (0.33f, 0.21f, 0.06f);

	//保持灯不受其他光照影响一直明亮，创建另外一套着色器。
	Shader* lightShader = new Shader("test.vert", "light.frag");

	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
    
    
		processInput(window);
		glfwPollEvents();

		glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT| GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

		testShader->Use();

		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex);
		glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "material.diffuse"), 0);

		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex1);
		glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "material.specular"), 1);
		glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "material.shininess"), 32.0f);

		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "objectColor"), 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.31f);// 设置物体颜色珊瑚红
		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "lightColor"), 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // 把光源设置为白色

		model = glm::mat4();
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
		view = myCamera->getViewMat4();
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "view"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));

		projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(myCamera->getFov()), 800.0f / 600.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "projection"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));

		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "light.position"), lightPos.x, lightPos.y, lightPos.z);
		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "light.ambient"), 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "light.diffuse"), 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "light.specular"), 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);

		glm::vec3 viewPos = myCamera->getCameraPos();
		glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(testShader->getProgram(), "viewPos"), viewPos.x, viewPos.y, viewPos.z);

		glBindVertexArray(VAO);
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);

		glBindVertexArray(lightVAO);

		//平移灯源位置到lightPos
		model = glm::mat4();
		model = glm::translate(model, lightPos);
		model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.2f));
		lightShader->Use();
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(lightShader->getProgram(), "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(lightShader->getProgram(), "view"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));
		glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(lightShader->getProgram(), "projection"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));
		// 绘制灯立方体对象
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);


		glBindVertexArray(0);

		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
	}


	glfwTerminate();
	return 0;
}

顶点着色器

#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 normal; //面的法向量
layout (location = 2) in vec2 texCoords;

uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;

out vec3 Normal;
out vec3 FragPos; //片段位置
out vec2 TexCoords;

void main()
{
    
    
    gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);
    FragPos = vec3(model * vec4(position, 1.0f));
    Normal = mat3(transpose(inverse(model))) * normal;
    TexCoords = texCoords;
}

片段着色器

#version 330 core
out vec4 color;

in vec3 Normal;
in vec3 FragPos;

uniform vec3 objectColor;
uniform vec3 lightColor;

//物体的材质属性
struct Material
{
    
    
    //sampler2D是模糊类型，不能以某种类型对它实例化，只能用uniform定义。
    sampler2D diffuse; //漫反射贴图
    //vec3 specular; //物体受到的镜面光照的影响的颜色(或者可能是反射一个物体特定的镜面高光颜色)
    sampler2D specular; //镜面贴图
    float shininess; //影响镜面高光的散射/半径
};

uniform Material material;
uniform vec3 viewPos;

in vec2 TexCoords;

//光的属性
struct Light
{
    
    
    vec3 position;
    vec3 ambient; //环境光通常设置为一个比较低的亮度
    vec3 diffuse; //通常设置为我们希望光所具有的颜色；经常是一个明亮的白色
    vec3 specular; //通常被设置为vec3(1.0f)类型的全强度发光
};
uniform Light light;

void main()
{
    
    
    // 环境光
    vec3 ambient = light.ambient * vec3(texture(material.diffuse, TexCoords));

    // 漫反射光
    vec3 norm = normalize(Normal);
    vec3 lightDir = normalize(light.position - FragPos);
    float diff = max(dot(norm, lightDir), 0.0);
    vec3 diffuse = light.diffuse * diff * vec3(texture(material.diffuse, TexCoords));

    // 镜面高光
    vec3 viewDir = normalize(viewPos - FragPos);
    vec3 reflectDir = reflect(-lightDir, norm);  
    float spec = pow(max(dot(viewDir, reflectDir), 0.0), material.shininess);
    vec3 specular = light.specular * spec * vec3(texture(material.specular, TexCoords));  

    vec3 result = ambient + diffuse + specular;
    color = vec4(result, 1.0f);
}

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