Tensorflow与keras环境安装与配置

python安装与测试

 
  系统：windows7-64位 
 

 
  进入网址： 
  www.python.org 
   下载3.5.3版本，运行安装选择添加环境变量的PATH,点击install now. 
 

 
  安装后测试：在CMD窗口输入：python –V回车 
 

 
  Python 回车键入print(‘hello’)回车如下; 
 

安装numpy 与pandas库

 
  使用pip3工具，直接在CMD命令窗口输入： 
 

 
  pip3 install numpy 
 

 
  将自动下载安装，安装后如下： 
 

 
  Pandas安装同样依照上述：pip3 install pandas 
 

 
  测试：在IDLE中新建py文件编写： 
 

 
  Import numpy 
 

 
  Import pandas 
 

 
  Print(“hello”) 
 

 
  运行没有错误，安装成功。 
 

 
  3,CUDA与CUDNN安装  
 

 
   参考链接： 
 

 
  http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/29697b9132e72eab21de3c76.html

 
  http://www.cnblogs.com/hzm12/p/6422701.html

 
  NOTE: 可能会出现图像驱动安装失败的情况，可以去英伟达官网下载最新驱动安装重启后，再次安装。 
 

 
  安装成功界面如下（没有安装的，它也给出了原因）： 
 

 
  4,安装tensorflow-gpu 
 

 
   在cmd中使用：pip3 install tensorflow-gpu 
 

 
  测试：在IDLE中import tensorflow 运行脚本看是否报错。 
 

 
  结果报错： 
 

 
  Python 3.5.3 (v3.5.3:1880cb95a742, Jan 16 2017, 16:02:32) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 
 

 
  Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. 
 

>>>

 
   RESTART: C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\test.py  
 

 
  Traceback (most recent call last): 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper 
 

 
   return importlib.import_module(mname) 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
 

 
   return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 914, in create_module 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed 
 

 
  ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。 
 

 
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 
 

 
  Traceback (most recent call last): 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> 
 

 
   from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> 
 

 
   _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper 
 

 
   return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal') 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
 

 
   return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) 
 

 
  ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal' 
 

 
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 
 

 
  Traceback (most recent call last): 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\test.py", line 3, in <module> 
 

 
   import tensorflow as tf 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module> 
 

 
   from tensorflow.python import * 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module> 
 

 
   from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module> 
 

 
   raise ImportError(msg) 
 

 
  ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper 
 

 
   return importlib.import_module(mname) 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
 

 
   return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 914, in create_module 
 

 
   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed 
 

 
  ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。 
 

 
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 
 

 
  Traceback (most recent call last): 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> 
 

 
   from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> 
 

 
   _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper 
 

 
   return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal') 
 

 
   File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
 

 
   return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) 
 

 
  ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal' 
 

 
  Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime. 
 

 
  See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation _problems 
 

 
  for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace 
 

 
  above this error message when asking for help. 
 

>>>

 
  百度有人建议安装下面的软件vc++ 2015 redistributable(x86,x64)，重启电脑，问题解决。 
 

 
  https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

 
  尴尬的是后面发现本机的英伟达显卡计算能力只有2.1并不符合tensorflow的要求（如下图）。。。。。 
 

 
  果断卸载装cpu版 
 

 
  测试如下： 
 

 
  5, 在python3.5使用 opencv库 
 

 
   这里官方只支持python2.7，所以我们用非官方的库。 
 

 
  Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages 
 

 
  http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

 
  (也可下载完整版：opencv_python-3.2.0+contrib-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl) contrib功能更强大。 
 

 
  拷贝下载的Opencv 3.2模块到Python的安装目录C:\Users\Administrator（若不成功根据报错更改目录）下，运行  pip install opencv_python-3.2.0-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl 
 

 
  然后程序自动安装Opencv模块。 
 

 
  测试： 
 

 
  import 
   cv2

 
  img = cv2.imread( 
  '1.bmp' 
  , 
  0 
  ) 
 

 
  cv2.imshow( 
  'image' 
  ,img) 
 

 
  cv2.waitKey( 
  0 
  ) 
 

 
  cv2.destroyAllWindows() 
 

 
  6，利用opencv实现人脸检测 
 

 
  http://docs.opencv.org/3.2.0/

 
  根据官方教程（我进行了一些修改）可以测试如下： 
 

 
  7,Anconda安装出现问题 
 

 
   下载地址：  
  Anaconda

   >>：python -m pip install --upgrade pip 
 

 
   “Cannot remove entries from nonexistent file c:\program files\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\easy-install.pth” 的问题。查看原因是因为setuptools版本太低，tensorflow要求29.0.1，当前版本为27.2.0,在更新setuptools版本的时候又找不到easy-install.pth，导致更新失败 
 

 
  运行 
 

 
   >>：pip install --upgrade --ignore-installed setuptools，问题解决！ 
 

 
  【更改conda安装源镜像】 
 

 
  为了更好安装包需要制定conda安装包所使用的镜像为中国的镜像，目前为止只有一家提供了镜像 
 

 
  执行conda命令： 
 

 
  [html] 
    
  view plain 
    
  copy

conda config

 
  更换安装源镜像，清华大学有提供镜像具体更换方法有如下： 
 

 
  [html] 
    
  view plain 
    
  copy

conda config --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/'

 
  [html] 
    
  view plain 
    
  copy

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

 
  然后你的.condarc 文件应该是这样的内容 
 

 
  把defaults那一行删除就可以了，问题解决！ 
 

 
  或 更改pip的默认源 
 

   Python开发安装包时，使用pip进行包安装非常方便。但pip默认的源服务器在国外，下载非常慢，而且经常出现下载后安装出错问题。因此，有必要更换为国内的pypi源。 
 

   对于windows来说，直接在当前用户目录下新建一个pip.ini文件，例如：c:\Users\Luoge\pip.ini 
 

   pip.ini的文件内容如下： 
 

 
  [global] index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/[install] trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com 
 

   上面是将源更换为了 
  阿里云的源（阿里爸爸牛逼！~），输入完成后，记得保存。 
 

*******Tip*****************************

 
  安装特定版本： 
 

 
  pip install tensorflow==1.2.0 
 

 
  升级到最新版本： 
 

 
  pip install --upgrade tensorflow 
 

 
  获取tensorflow版本号： 
 

 
  在idle命令行中输入import tensorflow——》回车——》tensorflow.__version__    （注意是双下划线） 
 

 
  8,安装keras 
 

 
  Keras 框架搭建 
 

 
  安装 
 

 
  在CMD命令行或者Powershell中输入： 
 

 
  # GPU 版本 
  >>> pip install --upgrade tensorflow-gpu 
  # CPU 版本 
  >>> pip install --upgrade tensorflow 
  # Keras 安装 
  >>> pip install keras -U --pre 
 

 
  之后可以验证keras是否安装成功,在命令行中输入Python命令进入Python变成命令行环境： 
 

 
  >>>  
  import 
   kerasUsing Tensorflow backend.I c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc: 
  135 
  ] successfully opened CUDA library cublas64_80.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc: 
  135 
  ] successfully opened CUDA library cudnn64_5.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc: 
  135 
  ] successfully opened CUDA library cufft64_80.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc: 
  135 
  ] successfully opened CUDA library nvcuda.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc: 
  135 
  ] successfully opened CUDA library curand64_80.dll locally>>> 
 

 
  没有报错，那么Keras就已经 
  成功安装 
  了 
 

Keras中mnist数据集测试下载Keras开发包

 
  >>> conda install git>>> git clone http 
  s: 
  //github. 
  com 
  /fchollet/keras.git>>>  
  cd 
   keras/examples/>>>  
  python 
   mnist_mlp. 
  py 
   
 

 
  程序无错进行，至此，keras安装完成。 
 

Tensorflow与keras环境安装与配置

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