C - 神龙的难题 FZU - 1686

传送门

思路

  • 题意
  1. 在一个nm的0、1矩阵中,1表示怪物,神龙的每次攻击可以消灭一个 n1m1的矩形的内的怪物,问消灭地图中的所有怪物最少需要多少次攻击?
  • 思路
  1. DLX重复覆盖 解决问题
  2. 构造数据矩阵
    1. 给怪物编上编号作为列号,从1开始,把怪物当做列
    2. 把神龙的攻击区域当做行,神龙的攻击区域有很多选择,但是由于数据范围小,我们直接暴力枚举 所有攻击区域,在枚举的时候也给这些当做行的区域编上编号作为行号,对于某个攻击区域(对应的行的编号为i),如果这个区域内有怪物(怪物编号为j),那么对应的数据矩阵(i,j)位置上为1,否则为0,
    3. 构造出数据矩阵之后,之间上模版就行了

代码

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
void fre() { system("clear"), freopen("A.txt", "r", stdin); freopen("Ans.txt","w",stdout); }
void Fre() { system("clear"), freopen("A.txt", "r", stdin);}
#define ios ios::sync_with_stdio(false)
#define Pi acos(-1)
#define pb push_back
#define fi first
#define se second
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define db double
#define Pir pair<int, int>
#define PIR pair<Pir, Pir>
#define m_p make_pair
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define esp 1e-7
#define mod (ll)(1e9 + 7)
#define for_(i, s, e) for(int i = (ll)(s); i <= (ll)(e); i ++)
#define rep_(i, e, s) for(int i = (ll)(e); i >= (ll)(s); i --)
#define sc scanf
#define sd(a) scanf("%d", &a)
#define ss(a) scanf("%s", a)

using namespace std;
const int maxn=250;
const int maxm=250;
const int maxnode=250*250;
int n,m,n1,m1;
int mz[20][20];

struct DLX
{
    int n,m,size;
    int U[maxnode],D[maxnode],R[maxnode],L[maxnode],Row[maxnode],Col[maxnode];
    int H[maxn],S[maxn];
    int ansd,ans[maxn];

    void init(int _n)
    {
        n = _n;
        for_(i, 0, n)
        {
            L[i] = i - 1;
            R[i] = i + 1;
            U[i] = D[i] = i;
            S[i] = 0;
        }
        R[n] = 0, L[0] = n, size = n;
        memset(H, -1, sizeof(H));
        ansd = INF;
    }

    void link(int r, int c)
    {
        Col[++ size] = c;
        Row[size] = r;
        S[c] ++;
        U[size] = U[c];
        D[size] = c;
        D[U[c]] = size;
        U[c] = size;

        if(H[r] == -1)
            H[r] = L[size] = R[size] = size;
        else
        {
            L[size] = size - 1;
            R[size] = H[r];
            R[L[size]] = size;
            L[H[r]] = size;
        }
    }

    void remove(int c)
    {
        for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i])
            L[R[i]] = L[i], R[L[i]] = R[i];
    }
    void resume(int c)
    {
        for(int i = U[c]; i != c; i = U[i])
            L[R[i]] = i, R[L[i]] = i;
    }

    bool v[maxnode];

    int f()//精确覆盖区估算剪枝
    {
        int ret=0;
        for(int c=R[0];c!=0;c=R[c])
            v[c]=true;
        for(int c=R[0];c!=0;c=R[c])
            if(v[c])
            {
                ret++;
                v[c]=false;
                for(int i=D[c];i!=c;i=D[i])
                    for(int j=R[i];j!=i;j=R[j])
                        v[Col[j]]=false;
            }
        return ret;
    }

    void dance(int d)
    {
        if(d + f() >= ansd) return;
        if(R[0] == 0)
        {
            ansd = min(ansd, d);
            return;
        }

        int c = R[0];
        for(int i = R[0]; i; i = R[i])
            if(S[c] > S[i])
                c = i;
        for(int i = D[c]; i != c; i = D[i])
        {
            remove(i);
            for(int j = R[i]; j != i; j = R[j])
                remove(j);
            dance(d + 1);
            for(int j = L[i]; j != i; j = L[j])
                resume(j);
            resume(i);
        }
    }
} dlx;

int main()
{
    while(~ sc("%d %d", &m, &n))
    {
        int hang = 0, lie = 0;
        for_(i, 1, m)
            for_(j, 1, n)
            {
                sd(mz[i][j]);
                if(mz[i][j])
                    mz[i][j] = ++lie;
            }
        int x, y;
        sc("%d %d", &x, &y);

        dlx.init(lie);
        for_(i, 1, m - x + 1)
            for_(j, 1, n - y + 1)
            {
                ++ hang;
                for_(a, i, i + x - 1)
                    for_(b, j, j + y - 1)
                    if(mz[a][b])
                        dlx.link(hang, mz[a][b]);
            }
        dlx.dance(0);
        printf("%d\n", dlx.ansd);
    }

    return 0;
}

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_34261446/article/details/107294720
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