（三）RabbitMQ整合SpringBoot

初步了解了RabbitMQ的流程、工作模式后，进行RabbitMQ与SpringBoot整合

一、相关依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、配置文件设置RabbitMQ的连接

server:
  port: 44000
spring:
  application:
    name: test‐rabbitmq‐producer
  rabbitmq:
    host: 虚拟机IP
    port: 5672    #RabbitMQ服务端端口
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtualHost: /

三、交换机、队列的声明及绑定

package com.xuecheng.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * RabbitMQ 配置
 * @author Huang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/4/3 13:55
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL = "queue_inform_email";
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_SMS = "queue_inform_sms";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM="exchange_topics_inform";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL="inform.#.email.#";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_SMS="inform.#.sms.#";

    //声明交换机
    @Bean(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM)
    public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM(){
        System.out.println("成功声明交换机！");
        return ExchangeBuilder
                .topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM)  //交换机类型（通配符），名称
                .durable(true) //是否持久化
                .build();
    }

    //声明队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL);
    }

    //声明队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_SMS(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS);
    }

    //绑定队列和交换机
    @Bean
    public Binding Binding_QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL) Queue queue, //@Qualifier获取Spring容器中对应名称的组件
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(queue) //绑定队列
                .to(exchange) //绑定交换机
                .with(ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL) //设置带有通配符的路由key
                .noargs(); //没有属性参数
    }

    //绑定队列和交换机
    @Bean
    public Binding Binding_QUEUE_INFORM_SMS(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(queue) //绑定队列
                .to(exchange) //绑定交换机
                .with(ROUTINGKEY_SMS) //设置带有通配符的路由key
                .noargs(); //没有属性参数
    }

}

四、发送消息

package com.xuecheng.test.rabbitmq;

import com.xuecheng.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

/**
 * @author Huang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/4/3 14:39
 */
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class Producer06_springboot {
    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //使用rabbitTemplate发送消息
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        String content = "send to huang";
        /**
         * 参数明细：
         * 1、交换机名称
         * 2、路由key
         * 3、消息内容
         */
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM, "inform.email", content);
    }
}

五、接收消息

package com.xuecheng.config;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author Huang
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/4/3 14:52
 */
@Component //将此类扫描Spring容器中
public class RabbitMQReceive {
    /**
     * 监听指定队列的消息并接收
     * @param msg 消息字符串
     * @param message 消息体对象，里面包括消息字符串等信息
     * @param channel 连接通道（一个Connection有多个连接通道channel）
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMQConfig.QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL})
    public void receive_Email(String msg, Message message, Channel channel){
        System.out.println("接收到的 msg:" + msg);
        System.out.println("接收到的 Message:" + message);
        System.out.println("接收到的 Channel:" + channel);
    }
}

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关于注解
1、@Qualifier：获取Spring容器中对应名称的组件
2、@Component：将此类扫描Spring容器中
3、@RabbitListener：监听队列并接收消息

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总结

使用RabbitMQ的基本流程：