The microcontroller central processing unit (CPU), program memory (ROM), data memory (RAM), peripheral devices (Peripheral), and the program data bus (BUS) and other units.
SCM process of development, there have been a lot of central processing unit design, commonly known as the CPU core , such as Zilog's Z80 core, Intel 8051 core, Microchip's PIC16,18, dsPIC, PIC32 Core, Motorola's 68000 core, Atmel's AVR core. , TI's 430, ARM's Cortex M0, M3, M4 and other kernel
Each device has its own unique instruction, instruction is the development and production of vendor-defined, to use its microcontroller, the user must understand and follow these instructions standards.
Microcontroller instruction set, there are two commonly used, namely a CISC instruction set and the RISC instruction set.
1, CISC instruction set
CISC instruction set, also known as complex instruction set, the English name is CISC, (Complex Instruction Set Computer acronym). In CISC microprocessors, each program instruction is executed in serial sequence, each instruction that the individual operations are performed in serial order. The advantage of performing the sequence control is simple, but the utilization of various parts of the computer is not high, slow execution speed.
2, RISC instruction set
RISC is in English "Reduced Instruction Set Computing" abbreviation, in Chinese means "reduced instruction set." It was developed in the CISC instruction set based on the relative CISC-type CPU, RISC-type CPU not only streamline the command system, also uses a technique called "superscalar and super-pipelined structure," greatly increased the parallel processing capabilities.
Domestic single sheet has: sinowealth, elan, winbond holtek, MDT, sonix, Fu Jing, 51 system, SyncMOS, macro crystal stc, pic, Sonix, Hongkang, NUVOTON, CHIPSEA the like, which core substantially 8 for 8051 cores, ARM core 32 is.
Domestic processors instruction set architecture and technology sources
China-made Godson processor main program, Shen Wei, Zhao core, soar, Terawins and smartphone / tablet field of development best Hass, Spreadtrum, Chi, etc., they are involved with architecture X86, ARM, MIPS, Power and SPARC, Alpha, etc., as shown below:
Reference: http://www.360doc.com/content/18/0620/12/11935121_763805555.shtml
http://www.elecfans.com/emb/dsp/20170105468443_a.html
