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Oracle 11g Installation and Configuration Perfect Tutorial - Windows
Keywords in this article: database, Oracle, installation, configuration, tutorial
Article Directory
1. Introduction to Oracle
Oracle is one of the well-known relational databases. It has the same name as Oracle (Oracle), and it is a database product of the company. The function is very powerful, but at the same time it will be relatively cumbersome, and the requirements for hardware will be higher.
The Oracle database also uses SQL (Structured Query Language) to operate, and also contains many unique data types and database objects, such as VARCHAR2, triggers, sequences, and so on.
2. Version selection
1. Application scenarios
The Oracle database can be divided into two major versions, one is the Express Edition (XE), and the other is the regular version with four versions in one.
- express version
Oracle XE is very convenient to install and basically does not require any configuration. I used the XE version when I first started learning Oracle. But this version of the database is indeed streamlined, and even the monitoring service cannot be customized, which means that you can only use it on a personal computer.
If you only need to do simple exercises and the computer configuration is not high, you can choose this version. If it will be frequently used in enterprise development in the future, it is recommended to install the regular version directly.
- Personal Edition/Standard Edition/Standard Edition One/Enterprise Edition
During the installation process, you can view the instructions for the four versions. The enterprise version provides the most abundant functions. Generally, you can directly select the enterprise version during installation.
Oracle is a fee-for-service database, so it does not require any authorization during installation. Only when it is deployed and used in an enterprise environment does it need to consider payment, and developers do not need to worry about this issue.
2. Oracle version
At present, the latest version of Oracle is 21c, which can be seen in the official document, and the official release version is still 11g and 12c .
Compared with 11g, 12c mainly adds convenient support for cloud database, big data, data analysis, etc. If you are learning SQL additions, deletions, modifications, query statements, and stored procedures, etc., using 11g is enough.
3. Download address
1. Official website download
At present, the official website only provides downloads of newer versions, and historical versions can be searched in the software library.
After searching, select version 11.2.0.1.0 . Only this version on the official website supports the Windows platform [other versions can be downloaded from the network disk], click Continue to continue:
- Check the required components and select the Windows system:
- After continuing to the next step, check to accept the agreement , and the following interface will appear:
Click the Download button to get a downloader, open it to complete the download, this operation needs to log in to the Oralce account.
2. Online disk download
Friends who do not have an Oracle account, or are slow to access the official website, can download it directly from the network disk.
- Baidu Netdisk
https://pan.baidu.com/s/14MhW0ZmXlQA-5OvG_IqPwQ?pwd=97j7
- Tianyi cloud disk
https://cloud.189.cn/t/yEzmyqqYFfMr (access code: 6k9z)
4. Installation steps
1. Unzip
十分重要！十分重要！十分重要！
The installation package of the Oracle database is two independent compressed packages, which means that you will not automatically extract the contents of the second compressed package when you decompress the first one. The files in the compressed package are shown in the figure:
when decompressing, we need to use two compressed packages labeled 1 and 2. We need to drag and drop the files of the two compressed packages to the same path, and finally get only one database file folder . After making sure that this operation is correct, proceed to the subsequent installation operation. Because the sad thing is that if you only decompress half of it, the installation can still proceed, and the error will not be reported until half of the installation.
2. Start the installation
Double-click setup.exe to start the installation. There will be some hardware detection before the start. If you encounter a prompt that does not meet the requirements, just ignore it. After all, if you accept it, you will exit directly. As long as it is not a computer with a history of more than 10 years or insufficient space, you can Can be installed successfully.
3. Configure security updates
Uncheck the box if you want to receive security updates.
double confirm.
4. Download the software update
Select Skip software update .
5. Installation options
Choose Create and configure database .
Select the desktop category , click Next and wait for a while.
Specify the installation directory. It is recommended to change the default system drive letter to another drive. The specified installation path cannot have spaces or illegal characters. It is recommended to change the character set to UTF8 and fill in the password. The global database name here is also the name of the database instance . If you encounter the problem of uninstalling and reinstalling in the future, you can also change the name.
Passwords that are too simple need to be confirmed again, and the learning stage does not matter.
6. Start the installation
After performing the environmental checks, click the Install button.
Wait patiently for the installation to complete, if there is a firewall prompt to allow the network connection during the installation process .
Continue to wait for completion.
7. User Settings
After the installation is complete, the following interface will pop up. Generally, administrator users can use it normally. In addition, all accounts are locked by default, but generally we will keep a classic test account.
Click Password Management , unlock SCOTT , the corresponding default initial password is tiger , click OK.
All installation steps have been completed.
5. Initialization and testing
1. Service delayed start
The default Oracle service will start together with the system. There are two core services: the instance itself and the listener. The corresponding names are: OracleServiceORCL and OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSListener , where ORCL is the name set during installation.
When using the database, you must ensure that these two services are enabled. If you use the automatic startup at startup, it will prolong the system startup time. So you can right-click the service, click Properties , and set it to automatic (delayed start) .
2. Command connection instance
- Admin user login
sqlplus sys as sysdba
- Ordinary user login
sqlplus scott/tiger
When using the built-in user to log in, the password has an expiration policy by default. You need to change the password when you log in for the first time. Of course, we can also set the password to the previous tiger.
In actual use, it is generally to create a user of your own, and then give higher permissions to facilitate the operation [learning stage].
3. Interface tool connection
- Official website address: https://www.oracle.com/database/sqldeveloper/technologies/download/
You can download and use free interface tools directly from the official website, and of course you can also use all software that supports Oracle database connections.
Tick to accept the agreement and click the download button.
After the download is complete, unzip it and use it. If you have not installed the previous version, click No.
- New database connection
You can log in with the sys user first, and then create a new user that you will use in the future. The steps are as follows. After passing the test, click the save button.
4. Create a custom user
Double-click the connection on the left to open it, and right-click on other users to create a user.
Set the user name, password, table space , and the most important thing is to grant the role. During the learning stage, you can click to set all as "administrators" , and at the same time, check the corresponding table space [USERS] in the limit . Unlimited.
Special attention: When setting the user name, be sure to use all capital letters, otherwise it will always prompt that the user name and password are wrong. In addition, if you want to add permissions slowly by yourself, please at least ensure that the user has connect, dba, and resource permissions, so that you can connect normally.
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