The difference between STM32F1 and STM32F4 (finished
by Avnet ) F1 uses Crotex M3 core, F4 uses Crotex M4 core.
The highest frequency of F1 is 72MHz, and the highest frequency of F4 is 168MHz.
F4 has a single-precision floating-point unit, and F1 has no floating-point unit.
F4 has an enhanced DSP instruction set. F4's execution time of 16-bit DSP instructions is only 30%~70% of F1. The time for F4 to execute 32-bit DSP instructions is only 25% to 60% of F1.
The maximum internal SRAM of F1 is 64K bytes, and the internal SRAM of F4 has 192K bytes (112K+64K+16K).
F4 has a backup domain SRAM (to keep data through Vbat power supply), F1 does not have a backup domain SRAM.
F4 executes programs from internal SRAM and external FSMC memory much faster than F1. The instruction bus I-Bus of F1 is only connected to Flash, and instructions fetching from SRAM and FSMC can only pass through S-Bus, which is slower. The I-Bus of F4 is not only connected to Flash, but also connected to SRAM and FSMC, thereby speeding up the speed of fetching instructions from SRAM or FSMC.
The maximum package of F1 is 144 pins, which can provide 112 GPIOs; the maximum package of F4 has 176 pins, which can provide 140 GPIOs.
The internal pull-up and pull-down resistor configuration of F1's GPIO is only useful for input mode and is invalid for output. When the F4 GPIO is set to output mode, the configuration of the pull-up and pull-down resistors is still valid. That is, F4 can be configured as an open-drain output with an internal pull-up resistor enabled, but F1 cannot.
The maximum flip speed of F4 GPIO is 84MHz, and the maximum flip speed of F1 is only 18MHz.
F1 can provide up to 5 UART serial ports, and F4 can provide up to 6 UART serial ports.
F1 can provide 2 I2C interfaces, F4 can provide 3 I2C interfaces.
Both F1 and F4 have three 12-bit independent ADCs, F1 can provide 21 input channels, and F4 can provide 24 input channels. The maximum sampling frequency of F1's ADC is 1Msps, and 2-channel alternate sampling can reach 2Msps (F1 does not support 3-channel alternate sampling). The maximum sampling frequency of F4 ADC is 2.4Msps, and the 3-channel alternate sampling can reach 7.2Msps.
F1 has only 12 DMA channels, and F4 has 16 DMA channels. Each DMA channel of F4 has 4*32-bit FIFO, and F1 has no FIFO.
The maximum speed of F1's SPI clock is 18MHz, and F4 can reach 37.5MHz.
F1 does not have an independent 32-bit timer (32 bits need to be cascaded to achieve), and F4's TIM2 and TIM5 have 32-bit up and down counting functions.
Both F1 and F4 have two I2S interfaces, but F1's I2S only supports half-duplex (either playback or recording at the same time), while F4's I2S supports full-duplex, and playback and recording can be performed at the same time.
