Dharma Academy predicts: The third generation of semiconductors may welcome a major explosion in applications.
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Core Things reported on December 28 that just now, Alibaba Dharma Academy announced the top ten technological trends in 2021 , covering technologies in key areas such as third-generation semiconductors, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, carbon-based technology, brain-computer interfaces, industrial and agricultural intelligence, etc. breakthrough.
This is the third time that Dharma Academy has released its annual technology trend since its establishment three years ago. At the forefront of science and technology, the Daruma Academy has sorted out ten most important trends in the field of science and technology around the three fields of basic science and technology, breakthroughs in cutting-edge applications, and industrial scene innovation. The predictions are as follows:
Trend 1: The third-generation semiconductors represented by gallium nitride and silicon carbide usher in an explosion of applications;
Trend 2: Quantum error correction and practical advantages will become the core proposition of the "post-quantum hegemony" era;
Trend 3: Carbon-based technological breakthroughs will accelerate the development of flexible electronics;
Trend 4: AI improves the efficiency of drug and vaccine research and development;
Trend 5: Brain-computer interfaces will help humans exceed the limits of biology;
Trend 6: Data processing realizes "autonomy and self-evolution";
Trend 7: Cloud native reshapes the IT technology system;
Trend 8: Agriculture enters the era of data intelligence;
Trend 9: Industrial global intelligent scenarios will emerge on a large scale;
Trend 10: Smart operation centers become standard equipment in future cities.
The following is a detailed interpretation of the ten major trends:
01.
Trend 1: The third generation of semiconductors ushered in an explosion of applications
The third-generation semiconductors represented by gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC) have excellent characteristics such as high temperature resistance, high voltage resistance, high frequency, high power, and radiation resistance, but are limited by factors such as process and cost. It is limited to small-scale applications.
In recent years, with continuous breakthroughs in technologies such as large-scale material growth and device preparation, third-generation semiconductors have gradually shown their performance and cost-effective advantages in emerging markets such as 5G and new energy vehicles, and are opening the application market: SiC power devices have been used As automotive inverters, GaN fast chargers are also available in large numbers.
In the next five years, in addition to existing electric vehicles and consumer electronics, electronic devices based on third-generation semiconductor materials will be widely used in scenarios such as 5G base stations, new energy vehicles, UHV, and data centers, especially in high-frequency and high-voltage applications Zhong will competitively replace the original Si devices.
02.
Trend 2: Quantum error correction and practical advantages are
Core propositions in the post-"quantum hegemony" era
2020 is the first year of "Google Quantum Hegemony". The world's investment in quantum computing continues to rise, and technology and ecology are booming. The superconducting leadership team announced a plan to 1 million bits, and other platforms are also colorful.
This trend will continue to push up the attention and expectations of the society in 2021. The research of quantum computing needs to prove its practical value; the industry needs to focus on the mission of the "post-hegemony" era: collaborative innovation to solve many scientific and engineering problems. Paving the way to reach the two milestones of quantum error correction and practical advantages as soon as possible.
03.
Trend 3: Carbon-based technology breakthroughs accelerate the development of flexible electronics
Flexible electronics refers to electronic devices that retain their original performance after shape changes such as twisting, folding, and stretching, and can be used as wearable devices, electronic skins, electronic tags, flexible displays, etc. The main bottleneck for the development of flexible electronics lies in materials. The current flexible materials, or insufficient "flexibility", are prone to failure, or their electrical properties are far inferior to "hard" silicon-based electronics.
In recent years, technological breakthroughs in carbon-based materials have provided better material choices for flexible electronics. Carbon-based materials include zero-dimensional fullerenes, one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, two-dimensional graphene, three-dimensional graphite and diamond, etc. Among them, the quality of carbon nanotubes, a carbon-based flexible material, can meet large-scale integration. Circuit preparation requirements, and the performance of circuits prepared on this material exceeds that of silicon-based circuits under the same size; and the large-area preparation of graphene, another carbon-based flexible material, has also been achieved.
04.
Trend 4: AI improves the efficiency of drug and vaccine research and development
AI has been widely used in auxiliary diagnosis scenarios such as medical imaging and medical record management, but the application of AI in vaccine development and drug clinical research is still in the exploratory stage.
With the iteration of new AI algorithms and breakthroughs in computing power, AI will effectively solve the problems of long vaccine/drug development cycles and high costs, such as improving compound screening, establishing disease models, discovering new targets, discovering lead compounds, and optimizing lead drugs, etc. The efficiency of the link.
The combination of AI, vaccines, and drug clinical research can reduce duplication of labor and time consumption, improve research and development efficiency, and greatly promote the universalization of medical services and drugs.
05.
Trend 5: Brain-computer interfaces help humans
Beyond biological limits
The brain-computer interface is the key core technology of the new generation of human-computer interaction and human-computer hybrid intelligence. The brain-computer interface has played an important role in supporting and promoting the development of neural engineering, helping humans to further analyze the working principles of the human brain from a higher dimensional space.
The brain-computer interface, a new technical field, explores the communication between the brain and external devices, and controls the machine through mental ideas. For example, to help improve the accuracy of the application in the control of the robotic arm, it will provide accurate rehabilitation services for patients who are conscious and sound, but cannot speak or move their hands.
06.
Trend 6: Data processing realizes "autonomy and self-evolution"
With the development of cloud computing and the continuous exponential growth of data scale, traditional data processing faces huge challenges such as high storage costs, complex cluster management, and diversified computing tasks. Facing the massive increase in data scale and complex and diverse processing scenarios, manual Management and system tuning are stretched.
Therefore, the automatic optimization of data management systems through intelligent methods has become an inevitable choice for future data processing development.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning methods are gradually being widely used in intelligent cold and hot data layering, anomaly detection, intelligent modeling, resource mobilization, parameter tuning, pressure test generation, index recommendation and other fields, effectively reducing data calculation, processing, The management cost of storage and operation and maintenance realizes the "autonomy and self-evolution" of the data management system.
07.
Trend 7: Cloud Native Reshapes IT Technology System
In the traditional IT development environment, the product development and launch cycle is long and the research and development efficiency is not high. The cloud native architecture makes full use of the distributed, scalable and flexible characteristics of cloud computing to more efficiently apply and manage heterogeneous hardware and environments. With various cloud computing resources, developers can focus on the application development process itself through methodological toolsets, best practices, and product technologies.
In the future, chips, development platforms, application software and even computers will be born on the cloud, which can highly abstract the network, server, operating system and other infrastructure layers, reduce computing costs, improve iteration efficiency, and greatly reduce the threshold and expansion of cloud computing. Technology application boundary.
08.
Trend 8: Agriculture enters the era of data intelligence
The development of traditional agricultural industry has bottlenecks such as low utilization rate of land resources and disconnected links from production to retail.
Digital technologies represented by the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, etc. are deeply integrated with the agricultural industry to open up the entire chain process of the agricultural industry. Combined with a new generation of sensor technology, farmland ground data information can be obtained and sensed in real time, and relying on big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology to quickly process massive agricultural data in the field, to achieve crop monitoring, refined breeding and on-demand allocation of environmental resources.
At the same time, through the application of 5G, Internet of Things, blockchain and other technologies to ensure the controllability and traceability of agricultural products logistics and transportation, and to ensure the safety and reliability of the overall supply chain process of agricultural products. Agriculture will bid farewell to "rely on the sky" and enter the era of smart agriculture.
09.
Trend 9: Industrial global intelligent scenarios will emerge on a large scale
Constrained by factors such as high implementation cost and complexity, difficulty in accessing supply-side data, and insufficient overall ecology, current industrial intelligence still focuses on solving fragmented needs.
The resilience demonstrated by the digital economy in the epidemic has made companies pay more attention to the value of industrial intelligence. Together with the advancement and popularization of digital technology and the investment in new infrastructure, these factors will jointly promote the rapid transition of industrial intelligence from single point intelligence to global intelligence, especially Automobiles, consumer electronics, branded apparel, steel, cement, chemical and other manufacturing industries with a good information foundation, and the closed-loop global intelligent application of enterprise production decision-making throughout the supply chain, production, assets, logistics, and sales. Emerging on a large scale.
10.
Trend 10: Smart operation centers become standard in future cities
In the past 10 years, smart cities have effectively improved the level of urban governance through digital means.
However, in the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, some so-called smart cities have exposed problems, especially due to insufficient business applications caused by "emphasis on construction and light operation."
In this context, city managers hope to activate data resources through the operation center, and promote the globalization, refinement and real-time of governance and services.
The gradual maturity and popularity of AIoT technology and the advancement of spatial computing technology will further enhance the intelligence level of the operation center. On the basis of digital twins, the city will be used as a unified giant system and provide overall smart governance capabilities, thereby becoming the digital foundation of future cities facility.
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