As a PM (project manager, not product manager), Xiaoman has always dealt with project management in his work, and he knows the importance of project management. In order to broaden his horizons and integrate into the community, Xiaoman passed the PMP certification at his own expense in 2017, thinking that the certification is over and everything is OK. Who knows that this is just the beginning, the next thing is one set after another, and more recently. Don't want it. Xiaoman has always wanted to find out, how much do you know about mainstream project management theories and certifications that are recognized on the market?
Project management is a branch of management. Its definition refers to the use of specialized knowledge, skills, tools and methods in project activities to enable the project to achieve or exceed set requirements and expectations under limited resources. Process [1]. Project management originated in the United States after World War II. After a period of evolution and development, three sets of relatively influential project management knowledge systems have been formed around the world. They were written by PMI ( Project Management Institute ). "PMBOK Guide" by the international project management Association (international project management Association, referred to as IPMA) international project Manager certification (international project Manager Professional, referred IPMP) system and the Office of government Commerce (OGC) issued a controlled Project management under the environment PRINCE2 ( PRoject IN Controlled Environment ) management system, in addition, as a Chinese project manager (potential project manager), this article will also give a certain introduction to the CPMP ( China Project Management Professional ) certified by China project management for everyone To understanding.
This article first compares the similarities and differences of the major systems through a table [2], and then analyzes their respective systems, trying to present a more comprehensive and objective project management knowledge and certification system for everyone.
|
IPMP system [5]
International project management qualification certification
|
PMP[6]
Project Management Professional Certification
|
PRINCE2[7]
Project management in a controlled environment
|
CPMP[8]
China Project Management Certification
|
|
| Issuing agency | International Project Management Association (IPMA) | Project Management Institute (PMI) | Department of Commerce (OGC) | Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China (formerly Ministry of Labor and Social Security) |
| Promotion scope | Recognized by more than 50 countries around the world, concentrated in some developed countries in Europe. Entering China in 2001, in China, IPMP has been recognized by the construction, railway, communications, national defense and other industries, and has established a supporting project management knowledge system and certification network. | Recognized by more than 130 countries around the world, most developed countries regard PMP certification as an important standard for measuring talents. Entered China in 1999. According to the 2014 "China PMP Development Status Report" by the Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs, the PMP certificate is of great help in increasing job opportunities, raising salaries and expanding contacts. | PRINCE2 is used and promoted in 150 countries and regions around the world, and it is known as the preferred project management methodology of the world's top 500 companies. It officially entered China in 2008, and the annual growth rate of PRINCE2 certification in China has doubled. It is expected that in the next five years, 50,000 people will receive the certification. [4] | The domestic project manager certification exam launched in 2002 can only be recognized in some domestic industries. Therefore, CPMP is not strong in social recognition and versatility, but it can enjoy some national policy preferences, such as talent subsidies, job titles Rating etc. |
| Promotion language | National language | 10 kinds | 10 kinds | Simplified Chinese |
| Number of certified | 50000 | 800 000 | 550,000 [4] | No specific data |
| Certification System |
Four-level certification system
A-level, senior project manager (Certified Projects Director)
Level B, Project Manager (Certified Senior Project Manager)
C-level, International Project Manager (Certified Project Manager)
Level D, International Assistant Project Manager (Certified Project Management Associate)
|
Single certificate system:
But PMI also provides multiple types of certification.
Associate Project Management Professional (CAPM®) certification
Progress Management Professional (PMI-SP®) certification
Certified Risk Management Professional (PMI-RMP®)
Project Management Professional (PMP®) Certification
Program Management Professional (PgMP®) Certification
Agile Management Professional (PMI-ACP®) certification
PMI Business Analysis Professional (PMI-PBA®) certification
|
Twice certification system:
Foundation (Foundation)
Practitioner
|
Four-level certification system:
Project Administrator (National Vocational Qualification Level 4)
Assistant Project Manager (National Vocational Qualification Level 3)
Project Manager (National Vocational Qualification Level 2)
Senior Project Manager (National Vocational Qualification Level One)
|
| Certification standards | ICB | PMBOK（PMP） | PRINCE2 | Information System Project Manager Tutorial |
| Features | Academic school, ability assessment, focus on job competence | Project management knowledge level, what to focus on (PMP) | Operation method, focus on how to do it | Comprehensive attention to project management knowledge and industry background knowledge |
| Scope of application | Organization level and project level | Project level (PMP) | Organization level and project level | Organization level and project level |
| Architecture |
1. Project management knowledge system
1. Project and project management
2. The four stages of project development
Concept phase, planning phase, implementation phase and closing phase
3. Methods and techniques of project management
With
2. ICB3.0 capability benchmark
|
(1) Project and life cycle
Project definition
Project management definition
Project life cycle definition
(2) Five process groups
Start, plan, monitor, execute, close
(3) Ten knowledge fields
Integration, scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, communication, risk, procurement, stakeholders
(4) Forty-eight sub-processes
(PMBOK, fifth edition)
|
(1) Seven principles: continuous business demonstration, relying on previous experience, defining roles and responsibilities, phased management, exception management, focusing on products, tailoring to the project environment;
(2) Seven major themes Business demonstration, organization, control, risk, quality, change, progress
(3) Seven major processes Project preparation, project initiation, project guidance, stage control, stage boundary management, product delivery management, project closing
(4) Tailor PRINCE2 according to the project
|
(1) Informatization, information system and project management foundation
(2) Project management
Project establishment, overall, scope, schedule, cost, quality, human resources, communication, stakeholders, risk, procurement, contracts, information document management and configuration management, knowledge management, project change management
(3) Organizational level management
战略、组织级项目、流程、项目集、项目组合管理
（四）其他管理
系统安全管理、信息系统综合测试与管理、管理成熟度模型......
|
| 考试费用 |
A级，9800
B级，7600
C级，5200
D级，1500
（IPMP中国官网）
|
培训+考试：7000+（PMP，光环培训） |
专业级：培训费4800 考试费4100
基础级：培训费3980 考试费2300
（光环培训）
|
培训费：4000（光环培训）
考试费：200+
|
| 考试时间 | 每年5月份的第四个星期六和11月份的第二个星期六分别进行认证的定期笔试，案例讨论加面试不定期举行。 | 一个季度一次,分别在每年的3、6、9及12月 | 考试时间灵活，考试提前15天预约 | 每年在5月和11月的第三个周末考试。 |
| 考试方式 | 包括笔试（题型为与经验和知识有关的问答题）、研讨会、项目报告、面试 | 在国内为笔试考试，题型为选择题，共200题，考试时间为4小时。 |
基础级：75道选择题。
专业级： 8道大问题，每道大问题包含10个小问题，每道小问题1分 -- 满分80分，获得44分才能通过考试，考试时间2.5小时
|
三门考试：
综合知识选择题
案例分析
论文写作
|
从表格中我们可以看出各个认证考试的基本信息，那么问题来了，认证这么多，想要成为项目经理的各位童鞋，你们会选择一个什么样的认证体系来给自己增进实力呢？
1.认证的社会认可度：
PMP＞PRINCE2＞IPMP＞CPMP
（1）
CPMP是在国内发行的项目管理认证，只能在国内的部分行业得到认可。因此CPMP在社会认可度以及通用性上都不强，很少见于岗位招聘要求之中，较另外三者在社会认可度上没有太大竞争力；
（2）IPMA全权授权中国项目管理研究委员会（PMRC）负责中国的IPMP认证，PMRC自主出题和考核，中国化相对较彻底，换言之，通用度和认可度都较低，根据笔者的行业经验，IPMP
很少见于互联网IT行业岗位招聘要求之中，更多集中在工程领域
；
（3）综合各方面的数据，
PRINCE2和PMP在社会认可度上都远远高于IPMP以及CPMP，但由于两个的侧重点不一样，导致两者的社会认可度还有些微妙的区别，
PRINCE2是项目管理的方法论，解决HOW TO DO 的问题，PMP则主要是项目管理的知识框架体系，解决WHAT TO DO 问题。所以很自然的，在操作层面的PMP认证会更加流行受欢迎。更为形象的说法是：PMP证书是项目经理工作岗位的能力证明，PRINCE2证书是项目主管、项目管理委员会（或PMO）工作岗位的能力证明。
2.认证的准入门槛：
（1）PMP
- 报名考生必须具备35小时（即PDU）以上涵盖项目管理知识体系中10大知识领域的项目管理培训经历；
- 申请者需具备学士学位或以上者：要求申请者在申请之日前6年内，至少具有4500小时的项目管理经验，其包括五大项目管理过程组（启动过程、计划过程、实施过程、控制过程和收尾过程），累计参与项目管理月数至少达到36个月。
- 申请者不具备学士学位或以下者：要求申请者在申请之日前8年内，至少具有7500小时的项目管理经验，其包括五大项目管理过程组（启动过程、计划过程、实施过程、控制过程和收尾过程），累计参与项目管理月数至少达到60个月。
（2）PRINCE2
- PRINCE2对学员报考资格没有限制。(建议学过PMP，或者有实际项目管理经验的人士学习。)
（3）IPMP
- A级认证的国际特级项目经理（Certified Projects Director）至少具有5年管理项目组合、大型项目管理或者多项目管理的经验，其中至少3年在公司/组织或部门的项目组合中担任领导的角色，或者管理重要的大型项目。
- B级认证的国际高级项目经理（Certified Senior Project Manager）至少具有5年的项目管理经验，其中3年负责复杂项目的领导工作
- C级认证的国际项目经理（Certified Project Manager），具有至少3年的项目管理经验，负责领导非复杂程度的项目
- D级认证的国际助理项目经理（Certified Project Management Associate），无特殊要求
（4）CPMP（
本文以高级为例，
符合以下条件之一者
，均有资格报考。由于其余级别
内容较多，
详情可参考[8]）
- 取得本职业项目管理师职业资格证书后，连续从事本职业工作3年以上，经高级项目管理师正规培训达规定标准学时数，并取得毕（结）业证书。
- 取得博士学位，连续从事本职业工作3年以上，并担任项目管理领导工作1年以上，负责过2～4项以上复杂项目管理工作，取得一定的工作成果（含研究成果、奖励成果、论文著作），经高级项目管理师正规培训达规定标准学时数，并取得毕（结）业证书。
- 具有大学本科以上学历，连续从事本职业工作8年以上，并担任项目管理领导工作3年以上，负责过3～5项以上复杂项目管理工作。
由此可见，在考试认证的准入门槛上，
PRINCE2相对是最低的，PMP其次，IPMP和CPMP属于一个风格，准入门槛都相对较高。
总结全文，在项目管理的职业历程中，小伙伴们的升级打怪策略应该是，先拿下PMP，积累经验，搞定PRINCE2，当然，如果还有更多经理可以去争取PgMP之类的更为高端大气的认证，本文到此结束，谢谢观看！
参考文献：