Soft Exam—Information Project Manager (Basic Information System Project Management One)

Excerpted from: 32-hour customs clearance for information system projects (only for learning and communication, infringement deleted!)

Test site analysis

     This chapter mainly learns the basics of project management, the composition of the project management knowledge system, IPMA and IPMP, PRINCE2, the impact of organizational structure on the project, the life cycle of information system projects, the typical life cycle model of information system projects, and the management process of a single project.
     According to the exam syllabus, the knowledge points in this chapter will involve multiple-choice questions, accounting for about 6-12 points. This part of the content focuses on conceptual knowledge. According to the past rule of national computer technology and software technology qualification (level) examinations, the concept Sexual knowledge refers to textbooks and has less expanded content.

Fundamentals of Project Management

Basic knowledge points

1. A project is a temporary effort to provide a unique product, service, or result.
2. Specific characteristics of the project: temporary (one-off); unique products, services and success; gradual improvement; resource constraints; purpose.
3. The three main goals (three constraints) of project work: time, cost and quality.
4. The responsibility of the project manager is to weigh the time, cost, quality and scope of the project to ensure the success of the project.
5. The distinction between daily operations and projects
   (1) Daily operations are continuous and repetitive, while projects are temporary and unique.
   (2) The goals of the project and daily operations are essentially different. The goal of a project is to achieve its goals and then end the project, while the goal of ongoing daily operations is generally to maintain operations.
   (3) The realization mechanism of the project is different from the daily operation, because the project ends when the goal is announced.

difference	project	Daily operation
purpose	Unique	Conventional and universal
Responsible	project manager	Department manager
duration	limited	Relatively infinite
Persistent	One time	Repeatability
Organizational structure	Project organization	Functional department
Assessment index	Goal-oriented	Efficiency and effectiveness
Resource requirements	Variability	stability

6. Project management is the application of various knowledge, skills, methods and techniques to project activities, which have met the requirements of the project.
7. Project management is carried out through the application and integration of project management processes such as initiation, planning, implementation, monitoring and closing.
8. Managing a project includes: identifying requirements: determining clear and achievable goals; weighing inconsistent requirements in terms of quality, scope, time, and cost; making technical specifications, plans, and methods applicable to various project stakeholders Contents such as different needs and expectations.
9. The project team should consider the project in its cultural, social, international, political and natural links and its relationship with these environments: cultural and social environment; international and political environment; natural environment.

Project management knowledge system composition

Basic knowledge points

1. Effective management requires the project management team to understand and use at least the following five areas of expertise: project management knowledge system; application field knowledge, standards and regulations; project environment knowledge; general management knowledge and skills; soft skills or interpersonal relationships skill.

2. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) distinguishes between standards and plans in this way: Standards are "documents that are agreed to be established and approved by recognized institutions, which provide common and reusable rules, guidelines, activities or the characteristics of their results" ; Rules are mandatory requirements of the government; there is a large gray area between standards and rules; standards usually start in the form of a guideline describing the best solution for the majority of people, and then as it is widely used, it becomes Practical rules; mandatory compliance can be stipulated at different organizational levels, such as specific policies and procedures established by government agencies, executive organization management, and project management.
3. The project management team should consider the project in the context of its social, political, and natural environment.

IPMP / PMP

Basic knowledge points

1. The International Project Management Association (IPMA) was founded in 1965 and is a non-profit professional international academic organization. Initially the members were mostly European countries, and it has now expanded to all continents of the world.
2. The International Project Management Qualification Standard (IPMA Competence Baseline, ICB) is a knowledge system established by IPMA, which is divided into 28 core elements and 14 additional elements, as shown in the following table.

Core elements (28)	Project and project management	Implementation of project management
	Manage by project	System approach and synthesis
	Background of the project	Project phase and life cycle
	Project development and evaluation	Project goals and strategies
	Criteria for project success and failure	Project begining
	Project closing	Project structure
	Scope and content	progress
	Resources	Project fees and financing
	Technology status and changes	Project risk
	Effect measurement	Project control
	Information, documents and reports	Project organization
	teamwork	leadership
	communication	Conflict and crisis
	Procurement and contract	Project quality management
Additional elements (14)	Project Information Management	Standards and rules
	problem solved	Negotiations, meetings
	Long-term organization	Business Process
	Human Resource Development	Organizational learning
	Change management	Marketing, product management
	System Management	Safety, health and environment
	Legal aspects	Finance and Accounting

3. International Project Management Professional (IPMP) is the general term for the four-level project management professional qualification certification system implemented by IPMA worldwide.
4. According to the international project management professional qualification standards, according to the different professional levels of project management personnel, the project management professional qualification certification is divided into four levels, namely A-level, B-level, C-level, and D-level. Each level is awarded to a different level. certificate.
5. The Project Management Body of Knowleage (PMBOK) was proposed in the late 1970s.
6. The PMBOK guide is updated every four years. The fifth edition in 2012 is divided into 10 knowledge areas: scope management, time management, cost management, quality management, human resource management, communication management, stakeholder management, procurement management, risk Management and overall management.
7. At present, there is only one level of PMP certification, and the requirements for the qualifications of students participating in the PMP certification are equivalent to the C level of IPMA. The certificate is valid for three years.

PRINCE2

Basic knowledge points

1. PRINCE2 certification is called the project management king certification in the world.
2. PRINCE2 is a process-based structured project management method.
3. The principles, themes and processes of PRINCE2 are consistent with the PMBOK guidelines, but PRINCE2 does not include all the knowledge points and details in the "PMBOK" guidelines.
4. PRINCE2 aims to organize and focus on project management knowledge in a way suitable for a wide range of project environments.
5. PRINCE2 assumes that users who understand and adopt this method have certain experience and can fill in the omitted details by themselves.
6. The four elements of PRINCE2 include: principles, processes, themes and project environment. as the picture shows.

7. The seven "principles" of the PRINCE2 method: continuous business verification; lessons learned; clearly defined roles and responsibilities; management by stages; management by exception; focus on products; tailored to the project environment.
8. PRINCE2 topics include: business case; organization; quality; plan; risk; change; progress.
9. The activities of the project management committee are covered in the project guidance process, which starts before the project and continues to the final stage.
10. PRINCE2 includes the following processes: project preparation process; project guidance process; project initiation process; phase control process; phase boundary management; product delivery management process; project closing process.