08.Python中http服务器实现

1. Http服务器的实现

1.1. http的request和response

浏览器---->服务器发送的请求格式如下：
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Connection: keep-alive
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,/;q=0.8
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.75 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, sdch
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8

服务器—>浏览器回送的数据格式如下:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Bdpagetype: 1
Bdqid: 0xe87cb3f700023783
Bduserid: 0
Cache-Control: private
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Cxy_all: baidu+55617f8533383cbe48d5d2b7dc84b7f0
Date: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 00:59:55 GMT
Expires: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 00:59:11 GMT
Server: BWS/1.1
Set-Cookie: BDSVRTM=0; path=/
Set-Cookie: BD_HOME=0; path=/
Set-Cookie: H_PS_PSSID=1463_21080_17001_20929; path=/; domain=.baidu.com
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=172800
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: HPHP
X-Ua-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1
Transfer-Encoding: chunked

<h1>haha</h1>

1.2. Tcp的三次握手，四次挥手

1.3. TCP初级案例

• 服务端Server.py

import socket


def main():
    # 1. 买个手机(创建套接字 socket)
    tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    # 2. 插入手机卡(绑定本地信息 bind)
    tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 7890))

    # 3. 将手机设置为正常的 响铃模式(让默认的套接字由主动变为被动 listen)
    tcp_server_socket.listen(128)

    print("-----1----")
    # 4. 等待别人的电话到来(等待客户端的链接 accept)
    new_client_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()
    print("-----2----")

    print(client_addr)

    # 接收客户端发送过来的请求
    recv_data = new_client_socket.recv(1024)
    print(recv_data)

    # 回送一部分数据给客户端
    new_client_socket.send("hahahghai-----ok-----".encode("utf-8"))

    # 关闭套接字
    new_client_socket.close()
    tcp_server_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

• 客户端Client.py

import socket


def main():
    # 1. 创建tcp的套接字
    tcp_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    # 2. 链接服务器
    # tcp_socket.connect(("192.168.33.11", 7890))
    server_ip = input("请输入要链接的服务器的ip:")
    server_port = int(input("请输入要链接的服务器的port:"))
    server_addr = (server_ip, server_port)
    tcp_socket.connect(server_addr)

    # 3. 发送数据/接收数据
    send_data = input("请输入要发送的数据:")
    tcp_socket.send(send_data.encode("utf-8"))

    # 4. 关闭套接字
    tcp_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()