Python 连接数据库

python2

• 使用MySQLdb即可

• 代码如下

  class sql(object):
      def __init__(self):
          try:
              self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
                  host=DB_IP,
                  user=DB_USER,
                  passwd=DB_PASSWORD,
                  db=DB_NAME,
              )
              self.conn.set_character_set('utf8')
              self.cur = self.conn.cursor()
              self.cur.execute('SET NAMES utf8;')
              self.cur.execute('SET CHARACTER SET utf8;')
              self.cur.execute('SET character_set_connection=utf8;')
          except Exception as e:
              raise e
      # 返回二维元组，每一条记录作为一个元组，所有的记录再组成一个元组
      def executeQuery(self, sqlcode):
          try:
              self.cur.execute(sqlcode)
              resultSet = self.cur.fetchall()
              self.conn.commit()
              return resultSet
          except Exception as e:
              self.conn.rollback()
              raise e
      def executeUpdate(self, sqlCode):
          try:
              self.cur.execute(sqlCode)
              self.conn.commit()
          except Exception as e:
              self.conn.rollback()
              raise e
      def __del__(self):
          self.conn.close()

  python3

• 使用pymysql

  db=pymysql.connect(host="192.168.1.102",user="root",password="123456",database="fwwb",charset='utf8')
  cursor = db.cursor()

  当参数比较多时要指定参数名，不然会报错
• 当查询结果中含有中文时要指定charset参数，不然会出现乱码
• 将结果写入文档时open函数要添加encoding参数指定编码

• 查询

  results = cursor.fetchall() #返回所有结果
  data = cursor.fetchone() #返回单条数据