Eclipse搭建Maven项目-springmvc实例简单的REST风格（6）

其他 2019-10-27 17:49:17 阅读次数: 0
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本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/zhouhaisunny/article/details/88622028

知识点：

1.优雅REST风格的资源URL不希望带 .html 或 .do 等后缀（如实现直接访问www.xxx.com/know/ 这样的链接）。由于早期的Spring MVC不能很好地处理静态资源，所以在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet的请求映射，往往使用 *.do 、 *.htm、*.xhtml等方式。这就决定了请求URL必须是一个带后缀的URL，而无法采用真正的REST风格的URL。

由于REST是Spring3.0最重要的功能之一，所以Spring团队很看重静态资源处理这项任务，给出了堪称经典的两种解决方案。先调整web.xml中的DispatcherServlet的配置，使其可以捕获所有的请求：<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

通过上面url-pattern的配置，所有URL请求都将被Spring MVC的DispatcherServlet截获。 

方法1.采用<mvc:default-servlet-handler /> 本实例使用

在springMVC-servlet.xml中配置<mvc:default-servlet-handler />后，会在Spring MVC上下文中定义一个org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler，它会像一个检查员，对进入DispatcherServlet的URL进行筛查，如果发现是静态资源的请求，就将该请求转由Web应用服务器默认的Servlet处理，如果不是静态资源的请求，才由DispatcherServlet继续处理。

方法2.采用<mvc:resources /> 略，自行学习

2.eclipse中使用maven方式使用jetty（可使用此标题搜索详细配置文章）

简略配置说明：pom.xml中build下plugins插件中添加如下实例配置，然后在项目右击Run As-Run_configuration配置如下图：

本地hosts文件中127.0.0.1 www.xxx.com配置一个网站域名访问 

实例

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pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.citywy</groupId>
  <artifactId>helloword</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
	  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	  <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
	  <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
	  <!-- spring版本号 -->
	  <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
	  <!-- mysql驱动版本号 -->
	  <mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
	  <!-- log4j日志包版本号 -->
	  <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
	  <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 添加jstl依赖 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>jstl</groupId>
           <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
           <version>1.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>javax</groupId>
           <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
           <version>7.0</version>
       </dependency>
       
        <!-- Freemarker -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
           <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
           <version>2.3.20</version>
       </dependency>
       
       <!-- 添加junit4依赖 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>4.11</version>
           <!-- 指定范围，在测试时才会加载 -->
           <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>

       <!-- 添加spring核心依赖 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
           <version>${spring.version}</version>
       </dependency>

       <!-- 添加mysql驱动依赖 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>mysql</groupId>
           <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
           <version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       
       <!-- 添加数据库连接池依赖 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
           <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
           <version>1.2.2</version>
       </dependency>

	   <!-- 添加fastjson -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
           <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
           <version>1.1.41</version>
       </dependency>
       
       <!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>log4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
           <version>${log4j.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
           <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
           <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- log end -->
	
		<!-- 映入JSON -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
           <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
           <version>1.9.13</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
           <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
           <version>2.8.0</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
           <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
           <version>2.8.0</version>
       </dependency>
       
       <!-- Apache上传组件 -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
		    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
		    <version>1.3.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
           <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
           <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
           <version>2.4</version>
       </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build><!-- 配置使用jetty容器运行项目,直接使用tomcat部署运行和此处不冲突 -->
  		<finalName>helloworld</finalName>
		<testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
		<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<!-- http://wiki.eclipse.org/Jetty/Feature/Jetty_Maven_Plugin -->
				<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
	    			<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<stopPort>9966</stopPort>
					<stopKey>foo</stopKey>
					<scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
					<connectors>
						<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
							<port>80</port>
							<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
						</connector>
					</connectors>
					<webAppConfig>
						<contextPath>/</contextPath>
					</webAppConfig>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.7</source>
					<target>1.7</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<skip>true</skip>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
  </build>
</project>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
 	<!-- Filter 定义处理中文乱码 -->
    <!-- Character Encoding filter -->  
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
	<display-name>helloworld</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
	  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
	  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
	  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	  <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
	  <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
	  <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<!-- 配置前端控制器,如果请求是以.htm结尾就走springmvc查找相应处理器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 加载springmvc配置文件 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<!-- url模式与传统*.do  *.htm等不同，rest风格是用 / 拦截所有访问链接进行处理 -->
	<servlet-mapping>
	  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

 springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd ">
		<!-- 自动扫描包下面的文件，类上带有@Controller的会注册为bean -->
		<context:component-scan base-package="com.citywy.controller"/>
		<!-- 代替处理器映射器、处理器适配器 ,mvc注解驱动-->
		<mvc:annotation-driven/>
		<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置 -->
		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
			<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
			<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
		</bean>
		<!-- Spring MVC上传文件时,我们都需要配置一个MultipartResolver的实现, 常用的是Apache提供的CommonsMultipartResolver类 -->
		<!-- Spring MVC的核心类DispatcherServlet中, 把这些bean的id固定了. 你必须保证bean的id相同, 才能正常工作.  -->  
	    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
	    	<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>  
	    	<!--max size: 10M 1024*1024*10-->  
	    	<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
	    </bean>
	    <!-- rest风格配置，静态资源处理 -->
    	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
</beans>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%  
String path = request.getContextPath();  
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";  
%> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.6.4.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>hello word</title>
</head>
 
<body> 
	<div>
		<h2>${name}</h2>
	</div>
</body>
</html>

 TestController.java

package com.citywy.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class TestController {
	/**
	 * 返回ModelAndView的方式，还有返回String的方式,传参方式通过ModelAndView
	 * http://www.helloworld.com/hello.html
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public ModelAndView hello(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		ModelAndView res=new ModelAndView("index");//这儿写法和springmvc.xml的文件跳转前后缀关联
		res.addObject("name","你好，世界！");
		return res;
	}
}

 ClassAnnotation.java

package com.citywy.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
@RequestMapping("/know/")	//类级别映射,一般用于减少书写量,该类所有注解方法的访问都会从/know/开始
public class ClassAnnotation {
	/**
	 * 返回String的方法，传参方式通过HttpServletReqeust
	 * PathVariable路径变量，就是路径上的变量
	 * 访问：http://www.helloworld.com/know/12.htm
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="{id:\\d+}")
	public String detail(@PathVariable long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		//如果不是以/know/xxx.html结尾的内页链接，301跳转到html或者返回404 (可能404情况多一些，看大站做法)
		String uri=request.getRequestURI();
		if(!uri.endsWith(".html")){
			response.setStatus(301);
			response.setHeader("Location", "//www.helloworld.com/know/"+id+".html");
			return null;
		}
		System.out.println("输出文章id:"+id);
		request.setAttribute("name", "这类似一个文章的内容页");
		return "index";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 	栏目页
	 *	接收/know/纯英文a-z小写的任意个数链接参数
	 *	接收访问：http://www.helloworld.com/know/myzs或http://www.helloworld.com/know/myzs/
	 *	RequestMapping可以同时指定多个url,映射到同一个应答逻辑中：
	 *	如下：@RequestMapping(value={"","",""})
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value={"{code:[a-z]+}","{code:[a-z]+}/"})
	public String list(@PathVariable String code,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		//seo中栏目一般为  www.xxx.com/xxx/ 作为一个栏目页
		String uri=request.getRequestURI();
		if(!uri.endsWith("/")){
			response.setStatus(301);
			response.setHeader("Location", "//www.helloworld.com"+uri+"/");
			return null;
		}
		System.out.println("输出栏目code:"+code);
		request.setAttribute("name", "这类似一个文章的列表页");
		return "index";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 栏目页分页
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="{code:[a-z]+}/p{pageindex:\\d+}")
	public String pageList(@PathVariable String code,@PathVariable int pageindex,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		//seo中栏目分页为 www.xxx.com/xxx/p2.htm
		System.out.println(code+"--"+pageindex);
		request.setAttribute("name", "栏目"+code+"下第"+pageindex+"页");
		return "index";
	}
}

这是作者实际做web网站时候的简单注解开发方式缩略，文章有什么严重不足或与时代脱轨之处希望能在下方留言，或给些好的文章链接，让俺学习学习。

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