1、新增maven项目,new->project,如图:
2、选择Maven Project点击Next,如图:
3、选择自己的工作空间,点击Next,如图:
4、填写信息后,点击Finish,如图:
图中的报错是因为找不到HttpServlet类,可通过导入Tomcat到工作目录或者通过Maven添加HttpServlet类所在的servlet-api.jar;
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
5、现在通过maven添加SpringMVC所需jar包:
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
6、修改web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
<servlet-name>属性随意,只要上下一致即可,url-pattern中的"/"为拦截所有请求。
7、如上默认配置会自动去WEB-INF下寻找'servlet-name'-servlet.xml(此处对应为spring-servlet.xml),但web.xml配置成
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
后,就会去src/main/resources包中寻找,具体内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.shan.provider" />
<!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 访问静态资源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
此配置会自动扫描com.shan.provider下的所有包中的含有注解的类(如@Controller, @Service等);<mvc:annotation-driven />会注册两个映射类,负责将请求映射到类和方法中;因为配置的spring是拦截所有请求,所以需要配置<mvc:default-servlet-handler />,来让静态资源通过(如js, css文件等);视图解析器是将Controller类返回的视图名加上配置的前后缀进行展示。
在WEB-INF下创建view文件夹,并在其中创建jsp页面demo.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Spring 4 MVC - HelloWorld Index Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h2>${message}</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>
8、创建com.shan.provider.controller包(包路径需被配置的扫描路径能扫描到),在其中创建controller类,并加上注解:
package com.shan.provider.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoController {
String message = "Welcome to Spring MVC!";
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello() {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("demo");//指定视图
//向视图中添加所要展示或使用的内容,将在页面中使用
mv.addObject("message", "欢迎使用spring mvc");
return mv;
}
}
当请求index时会映射到此方法中,返回的字符串message会在WEB-INF/view/demo.jsp中展示出来。
9、在tomcat中部署运行,访问http://localhost:8080/dubbo-provider/demo/hello,则可见如下界面,说明配置成功,如图: