唐敬博-201871010118 《面向对象程序设计(java)》第七周学习总结

在博客园撰写博客(随笔),总结7周实验内容,作业格式要求如下:

  1. 博文名称:学号-姓名《面向对象程序设计(java)》第七周学习总结(1分)
  2. 博文正文开头格式:(2分)

项目

内容

这个作业属于哪个课程

https://www.cnblogs.com/nwnu-daizh/

这个作业的要求在哪里

 https://www.cnblogs.com/nwnu-daizh/p/11435127.html

作业学习目标

  1. 掌握四种访问权限修饰符的使用特点;
  2. 掌握Object类的用途及常用API;
  3. 掌握ArrayList类的定义方法及用途;
  4. 掌握枚举类定义方法及用途;
  5. 结合本章实验内容,理解继承与多态性两个面向对象程序设计特征,并体会其优点。

随笔博文正文内容包括:

实验内容和步骤

实验1:(20分)

实验内容:在“System.out.println(...);”语句处按注释要求设计代码替换...,观察代码录入中IDE提示,以验证四种权限修饰符的用法

代码如下:

package ppp;

  class  Parent {
     private  String p1 =  "这是Parent的私有属性" ;
     public  String p2 =  "这是Parent的公有属性" ;
     protected  String p3 =  "这是Parent受保护的属性" ;
     String p4 =  "这是Parent的默认属性" ;
     private  void  pMethod1() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用private修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     public  void  pMethod2() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用public修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     protected  void  pMethod3() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用protected修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     void  pMethod4() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent无修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
}
class  Son  extends  Parent{
     private  String s1 =  "这是Son的私有属性" ;
     public  String s2 =  "这是Son的公有属性" ;
     protected  String s3 =  "这是Son受保护的属性" ;
     String s4 =  "这是Son的默认属性" ;
     public  void  sMethod1() {
         System.out.println(p2); //分别尝试显示Parent类的p1、p2、p3、p4值
         System.out.println( "我是Son用public修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     private  void  sMethod2() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son用private修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     protected  void  sMethod() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son用protected修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     void  sMethod4() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son无修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }  
}
public  class  Demo {
     public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
         Parent parent= new  Parent();
         Son son= new  Son();
         parent.pMethod2();   //分别尝试用parent调用Paren类的方法、用son调用Son类的方法 
     }
}
Parent的代码如下:
 

package com.nwnu.demo1;

public  class  Parent {
     private  String p1 =  "这是Parent的私有属性" ;
     public  String p2 =  "这是Parent的公有属性" ;
     protected  String p3 =  "这是Parent受保护的属性" ;
     String p4 =  "这是Parent的默认属性" ;
     private  void  pMethod1() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用private修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     public  void  pMethod2() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用public修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     protected  void  pMethod3() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent用protected修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     void  pMethod4() {
         System.out.println( "我是Parent无修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
}
Son的代码如下:
package  com.nwnu.demo2;
import  com.nwnu.demo1.Parent;
public  class  Son  extends  Parent{
     private  String s1 =  "这是Son的私有属性" ;
     public  String s2 =  "这是Son的公有属性" ;
     protected  String s3 =  "这是Son受保护的属性" ;
     String s4 =  "这是Son的默认属性" ;
     public  void  sMethod1() {
         System.out.println(p2); //分别尝试显示Parent类的p1、p2、p3、p4值
         System.out.println( "我是Son用public修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     private  void  sMethod2() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son用private修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     protected  void  sMethod() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son用protected修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }
     void  sMethod4() {
         System.out.println( "我是Son无修饰符修饰的方法" );
     }  
}
运行结果如下:
调用p2以及方法二得到的结果:

调用方法得到的结果:

调用方法四得到的结果;

  

得到的结果:    权限控制表

修饰词         本类      同一个包的类       继承类      其他类
private          √                      ×                ×                ×
无(默认)   √                       √               ×                ×
protected     √                       √               √                 ×
public           √                      √                √                 √

 实验2:测试程序1(15分)

l  运行教材程序5-8、5-9、5-10,结合程序运行结果理解程序(教材174页-177页);

实验代码如下:

1,package equals;

 
import  java.time.*;
import  java.util.Objects;
 
public  class  Employee
{
    private  String name;
    private  double  salary;
    private  LocalDate hireDay;
 
    public  Employee(String name,  double  salary,  int  year,  int  month,  int  day)
    {
       this .name = name;
       this .salary = salary;
       hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
    }
 
    public  String getName()
    {
       return  name;
    }
 
    public  double  getSalary()
    {
       return  salary;
    }
 
    public  LocalDate getHireDay()
    {
       return  hireDay;
    }
 
    public  void  raiseSalary( double  byPercent)
    {
       double  raise = salary * byPercent /  100 ;
       salary += raise;
    }
 
    public  boolean  equals(Object otherObject)
    {
       // a quick test to see if the objects are identical
       if  ( this  == otherObject)  return  true ;    //检查这些值是否相等
       // must return false if the explicit parameter is null
       if  (otherObject ==  null return  false ;    //如果显示参数为空,则返回false
 
       // if the classes don't match, they can't be equal
       if  (getClass() != otherObject.getClass())  return  false ;    //如果类不相等,则它们不匹配
 
       // now we know otherObject is a non-null Employee
       Employee other = (Employee) otherObject;      //otherObject 是一个非空雇员对象
 
       // test whether the fields have identical values
       return  Objects.equals(name, other.name)   
          && salary == other.salary && Objects.equals(hireDay, other.hireDay);    //检测它们是否具有相同的值
    }
 
    public  int  hashCode()
    {
       return  Objects.hash(name, salary, hireDay);
    }
 
    public  String toString()
    {
       return  getClass().getName() +  "[name="  + name +  ",salary="  + salary +  ",hireDay="
          + hireDay +  "]" ;
    }
}
2,package  equals;
 
public  class  Manager  extends  Employee     //子类Manager类继承父类Employee类
{
    private  double  bonus;
 
    public  Manager(String name,  double  salary,  int  year,  int  month,  int  day)     //Manager构造器
    {
       super (name, salary, year, month, day);
       bonus =  0 ;
    }
 
    public  double  getSalary()      //
    {
       double  baseSalary =  super .getSalary();
       return  baseSalary + bonus;
    }
 
    public  void  setBonus( double  bonus)
    {
       this .bonus = bonus;
    }
 
    public  boolean  equals(Object otherObject)
    {
       if  (! super .equals(otherObject))  return  false ;     //检查是否属于同一个类
       Manager other = (Manager) otherObject;
       // super.equals checked that this and other belong to the same class
       return  bonus == other.bonus;
    }
 
    public  int  hashCode()
    {
       return  java.util.Objects.hash( super .hashCode(), bonus);
    }
 
    public  String toString()
    {
       return  super .toString() +  "[bonus="  + bonus +  "]" ;
    }
}
3,package equals;
 
/**
  * This program demonstrates the equals method.
  * @version 1.12 2012-01-26
  * @author Cay Horstmann
  */
public  class  EqualsTest
{
    public  static  void  main(String[] args)
    {
       Employee alice1 =  new  Employee( "Alice Adams" 75000 1987 12 15 );
       Employee alice2 = alice1;
       Employee alice3 =  new  Employee( "Alice Adams" 75000 1987 12 15 );
       Employee bob =  new  Employee( "Bob Brandson" 50000 1989 10 1 );
 
       System.out.println( "alice1 == alice2: "  + (alice1 == alice2));
 
       System.out.println( "alice1 == alice3: "  + (alice1 == alice3));
 
       System.out.println( "alice1.equals(alice3): "  + alice1.equals(alice3));
 
       System.out.println( "alice1.equals(bob): "  + alice1.equals(bob));
 
       System.out.println( "bob.toString(): "  + bob);
 
       Manager carl =  new  Manager( "Carl Cracker" 80000 1987 12 15 );
       Manager boss =  new  Manager( "Carl Cracker" 80000 1987 12 15 );
       boss.setBonus( 5000 );
       System.out.println( "boss.toString(): "  + boss);
       System.out.println( "carl.equals(boss): "  + carl.equals(boss));
       System.out.println( "alice1.hashCode(): "  + alice1.hashCode());
       System.out.println( "alice3.hashCode(): "  + alice3.hashCode());
       System.out.println( "bob.hashCode(): "  + bob.hashCode());
       System.out.println( "carl.hashCode(): "  + carl.hashCode());
    }
}
运行结果如下:

 删除程序中Employee类、Manager类中的equals()、hasCode()、toString()方法,背录删除方法,在代码录入中理解类中重写Object父类方法的技术要点。

Employee类重写后代码如下:

package equals;

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Employee
{
private String name; //实例域定义
private double salary;
private LocalDate hireDay;

public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)//构造器定义
{
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}

public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}

public LocalDate getHireDay() {
return hireDay;
}
public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
{
double raise=salary*byPercent/100;
salary+=raise;
}


@Override
public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(this==otherObject) return true;
if(this==null) return false;
if(getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;
Employee other=(Employee)otherObject;
return Objects.equals(name,other.name)&&salary == other.salary&&Objects.equals(hireDay,other.hireDay);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return Objects.hash(name,salary,hireDay);
}

@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return getClass().getName()+"[name="+name+",salary="+salary+",hireday="+hireDay+"]";
}

}

Manager类重写之后代码如下:

package equals;

/**
* This program demonstrates the equals method.
* @version 1.12 2012-01-26
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class EqualsTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Employee alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
Employee alice2 = alice1;
Employee alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
Employee bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);

System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2));

System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3));

System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3));

System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob));

System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);

Manager carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
Manager boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
boss.setBonus(5000);
System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss));
System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode());
System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());
}
}

(3)EmployeeTest类代码如下:

package equalspublic class Manager extends Employee{

private double bonus;
public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day) {
super(name, salary, year, month, day);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
bonus = 0;
}
public void setBonus(double bonus) {
this.bonus = bonus;
}
@Override
public double getSalary() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
double baseSalary= super.getSalary();
return baseSalary+bonus;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;
Manager other=(Manager)otherObject;
return bonus==other.bonus;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.hashCode()+17*new Double(bonus).hashCode();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.toString()+"[bonus="+bonus+"]";
    }

}

运行结果如下:

实验2:测试程序2(15分)

l  在elipse IDE中调试运行程序5-11(教材182页),结合程序运行结果理解程序;

l  掌握ArrayList类的定义及用法;

l  在程序中相关代码处添加新知识的注释;

实验代码如下:

package arrayList;

import java.util.*;

/**
* This program demonstrates the ArrayList class.
* @version 1.11 2012-01-26
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class ArrayListTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// fill the staff array list with three Employee objects
ArrayList<Employee> staff = new ArrayList<Employee>();

staff.add(new Employee("Carl Cracker", 75000, 1987, 12, 15));
staff.add(new Employee("Harry Hacker", 50000, 1989, 10, 1));
staff.add(new Employee("Tony Tester", 40000, 1990, 3, 15));

// raise everyone's salary by 5%
for (Employee e : staff)
e.raiseSalary(5);

// print out information about all Employee objects
for (Employee e : staff)
System.out.println("name=" + e.getName() + ",salary=" + e.getSalary() + ",hireDay=" 
+ e.getHireDay());
}
}

(2)

package arrayList;

import java.time.*;

public class Employee
{
private String name;
private double salary;
private LocalDate hireDay;

public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
{
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}

public String getName()
{
return name;
}

public double getSalary()
{
return salary;
}

public LocalDate getHireDay()
{
return hireDay;
}

public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
{
double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
salary += raise;
}
}

运行结果如下:

实验2:测试程序3(15分)

l  编辑、编译、调试运行程序5-12(教材189页),结合运行结果理解程序;

l  掌握枚举类的定义及用法;

l  在程序中相关代码处添加新知识的注释;

实验代码如下:

package enums;

import java.util.*;

/**
* This program demonstrates enumerated types.
* @version 1.0 2004-05-24
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class EnumTest

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a size: (SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA_LARGE) ");
String input = in.next().toUpperCase();
Size size = Enum.valueOf(Size.class, input);
System.out.println("size=" + size);
System.out.println("abbreviation=" + size.getAbbreviation());
if (size == Size.EXTRA_LARGE)
System.out.println("Good job--you paid attention to the _."); 
}
}

enum Size
{
SMALL("S"), MEDIUM("M"), LARGE("L"), EXTRA_LARGE("XL");

private Size(String abbreviation) { this.abbreviation = abbreviation; }
public String getAbbreviation() { return abbreviation; }

private String abbreviation;
}

运行结果如下:

实验2:测试程序4(5分)

录入以下代码,结合程序运行结果了解方法的可变参数用法

public class TestVarArgus {  

    public static void dealArray(int... intArray){  

        for (int i : intArray)  

            System.out.print(i +" ");  

          

        System.out.println();  

    }        

    public static void main(String args[]){  

        dealArray();  

        dealArray(1);  

        dealArray(1, 2, 3);  

    }  

}

运行结果如下:

实验3:编程练习(10分)

代码如下:

public class Demo {

     public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
         Son son =  new  Son();
         son.method();
     }
}
class  Parent {
     Parent() {
         System.out.println( "Parent's Constructor without parameter" );
     }
     Parent( boolean  b) {
         System.out.println( "Parent's Constructor with a boolean parameter" );
     }
     public  void  method() {
         System.out.println( "Parent's method()" );
     }
}
class  Son  extends  Parent {
//补全本类定义
     Son(){
         super ( false );
         System.out.println( "Son's Constructor without parameter" );
     }
     public  void  method() {
         System.out.println( "Son's method()" );
         super .method();
     }
}

 

 运行结果:

3. 实验总结:(15分)

我觉得在学习理论知识时,可以跟着老师的思路,觉得已经掌握了知识点,但在实验过程中发现自己还是不会运用,肯平时没有多看书,对基础知识掌握不到位。对于老师设计的简单编程题,由于自己的知识还不够,因此几乎不能独立的做出完整的实验。所以在以后的学习中,我会多看翁恺老师的视频以及老师的课件来学习编程,来写出完整的程序。

猜你喜欢

转载自www.cnblogs.com/2360689227t/p/11673970.html