集合
之前用二分搜索树实现了集合
现在使用链表实现集合LinkedList
public class LinkedList<E> {
private class Node{
public E e;
public Node next;
public Node(E e, Node next){
this.e = e;
this.next = next;
}
public Node(E e){
this(e, null);
}
public Node(){
this(null, null);
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return e.toString();
}
}
private Node dummyHead;
private int size;
public LinkedList(){
dummyHead = new Node();
size = 0;
}
// 获取链表中的元素个数
public int getSize(){
return size;
}
// 返回链表是否为空
public boolean isEmpty(){
return size == 0;
}
// 在链表的index(0-based)位置添加新的元素e
// 在链表中不是一个常用的操作，练习用：）
public void add(int index, E e){
if(index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Add failed. Illegal index.");
Node prev = dummyHead;
for(int i = 0 ; i < index ; i ++)
prev = prev.next;
prev.next = new Node(e, prev.next);
size ++;
}
// 在链表头添加新的元素e
public void addFirst(E e){
add(0, e);
}
// 在链表末尾添加新的元素e
public void addLast(E e){
add(size, e);
}
// 获得链表的第index(0-based)个位置的元素
// 在链表中不是一个常用的操作，练习用：）
public E get(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Illegal index.");
Node cur = dummyHead.next;
for(int i = 0 ; i < index ; i ++)
cur = cur.next;
return cur.e;
}
// 获得链表的第一个元素
public E getFirst(){
return get(0);
}
// 获得链表的最后一个元素
public E getLast(){
return get(size - 1);
}
// 修改链表的第index(0-based)个位置的元素为e
// 在链表中不是一个常用的操作，练习用：）
public void set(int index, E e){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Set failed. Illegal index.");
Node cur = dummyHead.next;
for(int i = 0 ; i < index ; i ++)
cur = cur.next;
cur.e = e;
}
// 查找链表中是否有元素e
public boolean contains(E e){
Node cur = dummyHead.next;
while(cur != null){
if(cur.e.equals(e))
return true;
cur = cur.next;
}
return false;
}
// 从链表中删除index(0-based)位置的元素, 返回删除的元素
// 在链表中不是一个常用的操作，练习用：）
public E remove(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Remove failed. Index is illegal.");
Node prev = dummyHead;
for(int i = 0 ; i < index ; i ++)
prev = prev.next;
Node retNode = prev.next;
prev.next = retNode.next;
retNode.next = null;
size --;
return retNode.e;
}
// 从链表中删除第一个元素, 返回删除的元素
public E removeFirst(){
return remove(0);
}
// 从链表中删除最后一个元素, 返回删除的元素
public E removeLast(){
return remove(size - 1);
}
// 从链表中删除元素e
public void removeElement(E e){
Node prev = dummyHead;
while(prev.next != null){
if(prev.next.e.equals(e))
break;
prev = prev.next;
}
if(prev.next != null){
Node delNode = prev.next;
prev.next = delNode.next;
delNode.next = null;
size --;
}
}
@Override
public String toString(){
StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
Node cur = dummyHead.next;
while(cur != null){
res.append(cur + "->");
cur = cur.next;
}
res.append("NULL");
return res.toString();
}
}
时间复杂度分析
对h的理解
leetcode 804
import java.util.TreeSet;
class Solution {
public int uniqueMorseRepresentations(String[] words) {
String[] codes = {".-","-...","-.-.","-..",".","..-.","--.","....","..",".---","-.-",".-..","--","-.","---",".--.","--.-",".-.","...","-","..-","...-",".--","-..-","-.--","--.."};
TreeSet<String> set = new TreeSet<>();
for(String word:words){
StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = 0 ; i < word.length() ; i++){
res.append(codes[word.charAt(i) - 'a']);
}
set.add(res.toString());
}
return set.size();
}
}
多重集合
- 集合中的元素可以重复
=======================================================
映射
- 身份证号码----------------> 人
- 车牌号----------------------> 车
- 数据库 ID------------------> 信息
- 词频统计 单词------------> 数字
public interface Map<K, V> {
void add(K key, V value);
V remove(K key);
boolean contains(K key);
V get(K key);
void set(K key, V newValue);
int getSize();
boolean isEmpty();
}
LinkedListMap
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class LinkedListMap<K, V> implements Map<K, V> {
private class Node{
public K key;
public V value;
public Node next;
public Node(K key, V value, Node next){
this.key = key;
this.value = value;
this.next = next;
}
public Node(K key, V value){
this(key, value, null);
}
public Node(){
this(null, null, null);
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return key.toString() + " : " + value.toString();
}
}
private Node dummyHead;
private int size;
public LinkedListMap(){
dummyHead = new Node();
size = 0;
}
@Override
public int getSize(){
return size;
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty(){
return size == 0;
}
private Node getNode(K key){
Node cur = dummyHead.next;
while(cur != null){
if(cur.key.equals(key))
return cur;
cur = cur.next;
}
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean contains(K key){
return getNode(key) != null;
}
@Override
public V get(K key){
Node node = getNode(key);
return node == null ? null : node.value;
}
@Override
public void add(K key, V value){
Node node = getNode(key);
if(node == null){
dummyHead.next = new Node(key, value, dummyHead.next);
size ++;
}
else
node.value = value;
}
@Override
public void set(K key, V newValue){
Node node = getNode(key);
if(node == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " doesn't exist!");
node.value = newValue;
}
@Override
public V remove(K key){
Node prev = dummyHead;
while(prev.next != null){
if(prev.next.key.equals(key))
break;
prev = prev.next;
}
if(prev.next != null){
Node delNode = prev.next;
prev.next = delNode.next;
delNode.next = null;
size --;
return delNode.value;
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Pride and Prejudice");
ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>();
if(FileOperation.readFile("pride-and-prejudice.txt", words)) {
System.out.println("Total words: " + words.size());
LinkedListMap<String, Integer> map = new LinkedListMap<>();
for (String word : words) {
if (map.contains(word))
map.set(word, map.get(word) + 1);
else
map.add(word, 1);
}
System.out.println("Total different words: " + map.getSize());
System.out.println("Frequency of PRIDE: " + map.get("pride"));
System.out.println("Frequency of PREJUDICE: " + map.get("prejudice"));
}
System.out.println();
}
}
BST Map
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class BSTMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V> implements Map<K, V> {
private class Node{
public K key;
public V value;
public Node left, right;
public Node(K key, V value){
this.key = key;
this.value = value;
left = null;
right = null;
}
}
private Node root;
private int size;
public BSTMap(){
root = null;
size = 0;
}
@Override
public int getSize(){
return size;
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty(){
return size == 0;
}
// 向二分搜索树中添加新的元素(key, value)
@Override
public void add(K key, V value){
root = add(root, key, value);
}
// 向以node为根的二分搜索树中插入元素(key, value)，递归算法
// 返回插入新节点后二分搜索树的根
private Node add(Node node, K key, V value){
if(node == null){
size ++;
return new Node(key, value);
}
if(key.compareTo(node.key) < 0)
node.left = add(node.left, key, value);
else if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0)
node.right = add(node.right, key, value);
else // key.compareTo(node.key) == 0
node.value = value;
return node;
}
// 返回以node为根节点的二分搜索树中，key所在的节点
private Node getNode(Node node, K key){
if(node == null)
return null;
if(key.equals(node.key))
return node;
else if(key.compareTo(node.key) < 0)
return getNode(node.left, key);
else // if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0)
return getNode(node.right, key);
}
@Override
public boolean contains(K key){
return getNode(root, key) != null;
}
@Override
public V get(K key){
Node node = getNode(root, key);
return node == null ? null : node.value;
}
@Override
public void set(K key, V newValue){
Node node = getNode(root, key);
if(node == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " doesn't exist!");
node.value = newValue;
}
// 返回以node为根的二分搜索树的最小值所在的节点
private Node minimum(Node node){
if(node.left == null)
return node;
return minimum(node.left);
}
// 删除掉以node为根的二分搜索树中的最小节点
// 返回删除节点后新的二分搜索树的根
private Node removeMin(Node node){
if(node.left == null){
Node rightNode = node.right;
node.right = null;
size --;
return rightNode;
}
node.left = removeMin(node.left);
return node;
}
// 从二分搜索树中删除键为key的节点
@Override
public V remove(K key){
Node node = getNode(root, key);
if(node != null){
root = remove(root, key);
return node.value;
}
return null;
}
private Node remove(Node node, K key){
if( node == null )
return null;
if( key.compareTo(node.key) < 0 ){
node.left = remove(node.left , key);
return node;
}
else if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0 ){
node.right = remove(node.right, key);
return node;
}
else{ // key.compareTo(node.key) == 0
// 待删除节点左子树为空的情况
if(node.left == null){
Node rightNode = node.right;
node.right = null;
size --;
return rightNode;
}
// 待删除节点右子树为空的情况
if(node.right == null){
Node leftNode = node.left;
node.left = null;
size --;
return leftNode;
}
// 待删除节点左右子树均不为空的情况
// 找到比待删除节点大的最小节点, 即待删除节点右子树的最小节点
// 用这个节点顶替待删除节点的位置
Node successor = minimum(node.right);
successor.right = removeMin(node.right);
successor.left = node.left;
node.left = node.right = null;
return successor;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Pride and Prejudice");
ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>();
if(FileOperation.readFile("pride-and-prejudice.txt", words)) {
System.out.println("Total words: " + words.size());
BSTMap<String, Integer> map = new BSTMap<>();
for (String word : words) {
if (map.contains(word))
map.set(word, map.get(word) + 1);
else
map.add(word, 1);
}
System.out.println("Total different words: " + map.getSize());
System.out.println("Frequency of PRIDE: " + map.get("pride"));
System.out.println("Frequency of PREJUDICE: " + map.get("prejudice"));
}
System.out.println();
}
}