贪心算法-背包 问题

问题描述

假定有6个物品,他的质量分别是{35,30,60,50,40,10,25}kg
他们的价格分别是{10,40,30,50,35,40,30}元。
如果只能带走150kg的东西,你应该如何选择?

解题思路
我们知道,可以通过性价比来进行判断。所以我们可以通过求出性价比,然后排序性价比,然后从性价比最大的开始选择,直到装满为止。这就是贪心算法的思路。

代码

package TanXin;
public class BeiBao {
	//定义最大负重,weight数组保存重量,values数组保存价值
	public int max_weight = 150;
	public static int[] weight = new int[] {35,30,60,50,40,10,25};
	public static int[] value = new int[] {10,40,30,50,35,40,30};
	//
	public void greedyPackage(int capacity, int[] weight , int[] value) {
		//性价比数组创建并排序
		int n = weight.length;//总个数
		double[] price = new double[n];//性价比数组
		int count[] = new int[n];//序号数组
		
		//求性价比
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			price[i] = (double)value[i] / weight[i];
			count[i] = i;
		}
		
		//性价比排序
		for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
			for (int j = i; j < n - 1; j++) {
				if (price[j] < price[j + 1]) {
					double tmp = price[j];
					price[j] = price[j + 1];
					price[j + 1] = tmp;
					//交换性价比排序后,再吧序号交换,方便之后取数
					int a = count[j];
					count[j] = count[j + 1];
					count[j + 1] = a;
				}
			}
		}
		
		//把质量和价值也按照性价比的排序顺序对应好,存到新数组里
		int newWeight[] = new int[n];
		int newValue[] = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			newValue[i] = value[count[i]];
			newWeight[i] = weight[count[i]];
		}
		
		double maxValue = 0;
		//装东西,优先拿性价比高的
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (capacity > newWeight[i]) {
				capacity -= newWeight[i];
				maxValue += newValue[i];
			}			
		}
		
		System.out.print("共放下了" + (max_weight - capacity) +"kg重的东西\n");
		System.out.print("总价值" + maxValue);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BeiBao greedyPackage = new BeiBao();
		greedyPackage.greedyPackage(greedyPackage.max_weight, weight, value);
	}
}

运行结果

共放下了115kg重的东西
总价值160.0

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转载自blog.csdn.net/xie__jin__cheng/article/details/90754968