- client -> app -> redis -> mysql(如果在redis找不到再访问mysql) -> redis -> client
实验环境:
server1-------->php,nginx服务
server2-------->redis的master端
server3-------->mysql
配置:
- server1配置
- 安装软件包,整个实验所需的包我都已经下载好了,现在全都安装。
[root@server1 ~]# killall redis-server #如果做过其他redis实验,需要先停掉
[root@server1 ~]# cd rhel7/
[root@server1 rhel7]# ls
gearmand-1.1.12-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
libevent-devel-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
libgearman-1.1.12-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
libgearman-devel-1.1.12-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm
openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64.rpm
openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-cli-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-common-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-fpm-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-mysql-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-pdo-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-pecl-gearman-1.1.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-pecl-igbinary-1.2.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-pecl-redis-2.2.8-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-process-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-xml-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@server1 rhel7]# yum install -y *
- 开启php,并查看端口
[root@server1 nginx-1.16.0]# systemctl start php-fpm
- 安装nginx
安装过程本文不再讲解了,可参考https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43273168/article/details/89668619
- 更改配置文件
[root@server1 nginx-1.16.0]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php
}
#打开php模块
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
- 检测脚本是否正确,并开启nginx
[root@server1 nginx-1.16.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@server1 nginx-1.16.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
- 测试
端口正常
访问到nginx的默认页面,nginx服务正常
- 将写好的php测试页放在 /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html index.html index.php
[root@server1 html]# vim index.php
<?php
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('172.25.254.2',6379) or die ("could net connect redis server"); #指向redis
# $query = "select * from test limit 9";
$query = "select * from test";
for ($key = 1; $key < 10; $key++)
{
if (!$redis->get($key))
{
$connect = mysql_connect('172.25.254.3','redis','westos'); #指向mysql
mysql_select_db(test);
$result = mysql_query($query);
//如果没有找到$key,就将该查询sql的结果缓存到redis
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result))
{
$redis->set($row['id'],$row['name']);
}
$myserver = 'mysql';
break;
}
else
{
$myserver = "redis";
$data[$key] = $redis->get($key);
}
}
echo $myserver;
echo "<br>";
for ($key = 1; $key < 10; $key++)
{
echo "number is <b><font color=#FF0000>$key</font></b>";
1,1 Top
echo "<br>";
echo "name is <b><font color=#FF0000>$data[$key]</font></b>";
echo "<br>";
}
?>
再次访问nginx服务器(显示没有redis server,是因为我们还没有配置))
- server2配置redis master
- 下载安装包,并解压,编译安装
[root@server2 ~]# ls
redis-5.0.3.tar.gz
[root@server2 ~]# tar zxf redis-5.0.3.tar.gz
[root@server2 ~]# cd redis-5.0.3
[root@server2 redis-5.0.3]# yum install gcc -y
[root@server2 redis-5.0.3]# make && make install
[root@server2 redis-5.0.3]# cd utils/
[root@server2 utils]# ./install_server.sh
此时netstat -antlp会出现6379端口
2. 编辑配置文件
[root@server2 utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
70 bind 0.0.0.0
[root@server2 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
- server3 配置mysql
- 实验数据比较简单,所以安装系统自带的mariadb就可以了。
[root@server3 ~]# yum install mariadb-server -y
[root@server3 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@server3 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
测试需求,我们登录mysql数据库建立test库
- 创建授权用户,并刷洗授权表
[root@server3 ~]# mysql -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on test.* to redis@'%' identified by 'westos';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
- 导入测试库
[root@server3 ~]# vim test.sql
use test;
CREATE TABLE `test` (`id` int(7) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` char(8) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `test` VALUES (1,'test1'),(2,'test2'),(3,'test3'),(4,'test4'),(5,'test5'),(6,'test6'),(7,'test7'),(8,'test8'),(9,'test9');
#DELIMITER $$
#CREATE TRIGGER datatoredis AFTER UPDATE ON test FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
# SET @RECV=gman_do_background('syncToRedis', json_object(NEW.id as `id`, NEW.name as `name`));
# END$$
#DELIMITER ;
~
[root@server3 ~]# mysql -pwestos < test.sql
- 测试
浏览器访问nginx服务器
第一次访问是从mysql中找数据
第二次访问就是从redis中读取数据了
到这里,我们已经实现了 redis 作为 mysql 的缓存服务器,但是如果更新了 mysql,redis中仍然会有对应的
KEY,数据就不会更新,此时就会出现 mysql 和 redis 数据不一致的情况。那么我们该如何实现将mysql端修改的数据及时更新到redis端呢?所以接下来就要通过 mysql 触发器将改变的数据同步到 redis
中。
配置 gearman 实现数据同步
Gearman介绍:
- Gearman 是一个支持分布式的任务分发框架:
- Gearman Job Server:Gearman 核心程序,需要编译安装并以守护进程形式运行在后台。
- Gearman Client:可以理解为任务的请求者。
- Gearman Worker:任务的真正执行者,一般需要自己编写具体逻辑并通过守护进程方式运行,Gearman Worker 接收到 Gearman Client 传递的任务内容后,会按顺序处理。
大致流程:
- 下面要编写的 mysql 触发器,就相当于 Gearman 的客户端。修改表,插入表就相当于直接下发任务。然后通过 lib_mysqludf_json UDF 库函数将关系数据映射为 JSON 格式,然后在通过 gearman-mysql-udf 插件将任务加入到 Gearman 的任务队列中,最后通过redis_worker.php,也就是 Gearman 的 worker 端来完成 redis 数据库的更新。
配置过程
- mysql (client) -> gearmand:4730(job server) -> worker(php/python/java)
- client
- 安装 lib_mysqludf_json
[root@server3 ~]# unzip lib_mysqludf_json-master.zip
[root@server3 lib_mysqludf_json-master]# yum install gcc mariadb-devel -y
[root@server3 lib_mysqludf_json-master]# gcc $(mysql_config --cflags) -shared -fPIC -o lib_mysqludf_json.so lib_mysqludf_json.c
[root@server3 lib_mysqludf_json-master]# cd /usr/lib64/mysql/
[root@server3 mysql]# ls
INFO_BIN libmysqlclient_r.so libmysqlclient.so.18 mysqlbug plugin
INFO_SRC libmysqlclient.so libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0 mysql_config
[root@server3 ~]# cp lib_mysqludf_json-master/lib_mysqludf_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/
- 安装 gearman 软件包,并安装 php 的 gearman 扩展
[root@server3 ~]# tar zxf gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz
[root@server3 ~]# yum install -y libevent-devel-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm libgearman-1.1.12-18.el7.x86_64.rpm libgearman-devel-1.1.12-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# ./configure --libdir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ --with-mysql
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# make
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# make install
查看 mysql 的模块目录
3. 注册 UDF 函数
- 注册json函数
- 注册 UDF 函数
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE FUNCTION gman_do_background RETURNS STRING SONAME 'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE FUNCTION gman_servers_set RETURNS STRING SONAME 'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
##查看函数
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from mysql.func;
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
| name | ret | dl | type |
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
| json_object | 0 | lib_mysqludf_json.so | function |
| gman_do_background | 0 | libgearman_mysql_udf.so | function |
| gman_servers_set | 0 | libgearman_mysql_udf.so | function |
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
##指定 gearman 的服务信息
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT gman_servers_set('172.25.254.1:4730');
+---------------------------------------+
| gman_servers_set('172.25.254.1:4730') |
+---------------------------------------+
| 172.25.254.1:4730 |
+---------------------------------------+
- 编写 mysql 触发器(根据实际情况编写)
[root@server3 ~]# vim test.sql
use test;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE TRIGGER datatoredis AFTER UPDATE ON test FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
SET @RECV=gman_do_background('syncToRedis', json_object(NEW.id as `id`, NEW.name as `name`));
END$$
DELIMITER ;
[root@server3 ~]# mysql -pwestos < test.sql
- 查看触发器
- worker
- 打开gearmand
[root@server1 rhel7]# systemctl start gearmand
[root@server1 rhel7]# netstat -antlp
6. 编写 gearman 的 worker 端
[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/worker.php
<?php
$worker = new GearmanWorker();
$worker->addServer();
$worker->addFunction('syncToRedis', 'syncToRedis');
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('172.25.254.2', 6379);
while($worker->work());
function syncToRedis($job)
{
global $redis;
$workString = $job->workload();
$work = json_decode($workString);
if(!isset($work->id)){
return false;
}
$redis->set($work->id, $work->name);
}
?>
- 后台运行 worker
[root@server1 ~]# nohup php /usr/local/worker.php &> /dev/null &
[1] 5605
- 测试
- 更新数据库信息
- redis端查看
- 浏览器查看