4-5 链式表操作集 (20分)

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吐槽下PTA,居然一个换行符跟我计较,恶心。

以下是正题:


本题要求实现链式表的操作集。
函数接口定义:

Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
List Delete( List L, Position P );

其中List结构定义如下:

typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
    ElementType Data;
    PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;

各个操作函数的定义为:
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ):返回线性表中首次出现X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;

List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ):将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,返回链表的表头。如果参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回ERROR;

List Delete( List L, Position P ):将位置P的元素删除并返回链表的表头。若参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回ERROR。
裁判测试程序样例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ERROR NULL
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
    ElementType Data;
    PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;

Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
List Delete( List L, Position P );

int main()
{
    List L;
    ElementType X;
    Position P, tmp;
    int N;

    L = NULL;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    while ( N-- ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        L = Insert(L, X, L);
        if ( L==ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
    }
    scanf("%d", &N);
    while ( N-- ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        P = Find(L, X);
        if ( P == ERROR )
            printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);
        else {
            L = Delete(L, P);
            printf("%d is found and deleted.\n", X);
            if ( L==ERROR )
                printf("Wrong Answer or Empty List.\n");
        }
    }
    L = Insert(L, X, NULL);
    if ( L==ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
    else
        printf("%d is inserted as the last element.\n", X);
    P = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
    tmp = Insert(L, X, P);
    if ( tmp!=ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
    tmp = Delete(L, P);
    if ( tmp!=ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
    for ( P=L; P; P = P->Next ) printf("%d ", P->Data);
    return 0;
}

/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */

输入样例:

6
12 2 4 87 10 2
4
2 12 87 5

输出样例:

2 is found and deleted.
12 is found and deleted.
87 is found and deleted.
Finding Error: 5 is not in.
5 is inserted as the last element.
Wrong Position for Insertion
Wrong Position for Deletion
10 4 2 5

我的解答:

//返回线性表中首次出现X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X )
{
    List p=L;
    while(p!=NULL&&(p->Data!=X))
    {
        p=p->Next;
    }
    //return p;
    if ( p )
        return p;
    else
        return ERROR;
}

/*
将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,
返回链表的表头。
如果参数P指向非法位置,
则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回ERROR;
*/
List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
{
    List tmp;
    List pre;
    //1先考虑特殊情况:P插入在表头,没有前面的节点,直接申请填装
    if(P==L)
    {
        tmp = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
        tmp->Data = X;
        tmp->Next = P;
        return tmp;
    }
    //2查找P-1个节点,如果不存在就无法插入,存在就可以插入
     /* 查找P的前一个结点 */
    for ( pre=L; pre&&pre->Next!=P; pre=pre->Next ) ;

    if ( pre==NULL )
    { /* P所指的结点不在L中 */
        printf("Wrong Position for Insertion\n");
        return ERROR;
    }
    //3存在P-1个节点,申请、填装节点
    //4将新节点装在P-1个节点后面
    else /* 找到了P的前一个结点pre */
    {
        /* 在P前插入新结点 */
        tmp = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
        tmp->Data = X;
        tmp->Next = P;
        pre->Next = tmp;
        return L;
    }
}

/*
将位置P的元素删除并返回链表的表头。
若参数P指向非法位置,
则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回ERROR。
*/
List Delete( List L, Position P )
{
    List removeP,temP;
    /********如果删除的是头的话*********/
    if(P==L)
    {
        removeP=L;
        if(L!=NULL)
        {
            L=L->Next;
        }
        //释放空间
        free(removeP);
        return L;
    }

    /********删除第P个节点*********/
    //1先找到P-1个节点,用temP指向
    for ( temP=L; temP&&temP->Next!=P; temP=temP->Next ) ;
    if(temP==NULL)
    {
        printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n");
        return ERROR;
    }
    if(temP->Next==NULL)
    {
        printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n");
        return ERROR;
    }

    //2将要删除的P给removeP
    removeP=temP->Next;
    //3将temP的next赋值"为"remoP的next
    temP->Next=removeP->Next;
    //4释放removeP的空间
    free(removeP);
    //5返回L
    return L;
}

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