搭建Spring MVC 4开发环境八步走

Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，如今如果再有开发者说，不了解Spring MVC，或许就被人笑掉大牙。煽情的话就不说了，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。

  

    （一）工作环境准备：

        JDK 1.7

        Eclipse Kepler

        Apache Tomcat 8.0

 

    （二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

 

 

 

    （三）配置pom.xml。

 

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< project  xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"  xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" >    < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion >    < groupId >com.favccxx.favsoft</ groupId >    < artifactId >favspringmvcrestful</ artifactId >    < packaging >war</ packaging >    < version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version >    < name >favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</ name >    < url >http://maven.apache.org</ url >         < properties >        < spring.version >4.1.1.RELEASE</ spring.version >    </ properties >        < dependencies >      < dependency >        < groupId >junit</ groupId >        < artifactId >junit</ artifactId >        < version >3.8.1</ version >        < scope >test</ scope >      </ dependency >            < dependency >          < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >          < artifactId >spring-core</ artifactId >          < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >          < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >          < artifactId >spring-webmvc</ artifactId >          < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >          < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >          < artifactId >spring-beans</ artifactId >          < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >          < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >          < artifactId >spring-context</ artifactId >          < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >            < dependency >          < groupId >jstl</ groupId >          < artifactId >jstl</ artifactId >          < version >1.2</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >          < groupId >taglibs</ groupId >          < artifactId >standard</ artifactId >          < version >1.1.2</ version >      </ dependency >          </ dependencies >    < build >      < finalName >favspringmvcrestful</ finalName >    </ build > </ project >

 

    （四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

 

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < web-app  version = "2.4"  xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee       http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">      < display-name >favspringmvcrestful</ display-name >        < filter >          < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name >          < filter-class >org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</ filter-class >          < init-param >              < param-name >encoding</ param-name >              < param-value >UTF-8</ param-value >          </ init-param >          < init-param >              < param-name >forceEncoding</ param-name >              < param-value >true</ param-value >          </ init-param >      </ filter >      < filter-mapping >          < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name >          < url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern >      </ filter-mapping >        < listener >          < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class >      </ listener >        < servlet >          < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name >          < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class >          < init-param >              < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >              < param-value >classpath*:spring-context.xml</ param-value >          </ init-param >          < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup >      </ servlet >      < servlet-mapping >          < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name >          < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern >      </ servlet-mapping > </ web-app >

 

    （五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

 

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">                < context:component-scan  base-package = "com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller" ></ context:component-scan >            < mvc:annotation-driven ></ mvc:annotation-driven >            < bean  id = "viewResolver"  class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver" >          < property  name = "viewClass"              value = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"  />          < property  name = "prefix"  value = "/WEB-INF/views"  />          < property  name = "suffix"  value = ".jsp"  />      </ bean > </ beans >

 

    （六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

 

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package  com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;   import  java.util.HashMap; import  java.util.Map;   import  org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import  org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;   @Controller public  class  HelloController {            @RequestMapping ( "/greeting" )      public  ModelAndView greeting( @RequestParam (value= "name" , defaultValue= "World" ) String name) {           System.out.println( "Hello "  + name);           Map<String, Object> map =  new  HashMap<String, Object>();           map.put( "userName" , name);           return  new  ModelAndView( "/hello" ,map);      }        }

 

    （七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

 

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"      pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPE html> < html > < head > < meta  http-equiv = "Content-Type"  content = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" > < title >Hello</ title > </ head > < body >      你好，${userName } </ body > </ html >

 

    （八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，运行效果如下：

 

    该例子仅仅是Spring MVC 4入门的一个简单例子，如果你想了解更多关于Spring MVC的信息，请持续关注本博客，同时欢迎读者留言评论。