Spring MVC搭建步骤

   Spring MVC环境搭建和配置(多动作控制器MultiActionController)

   

 

    引言:本文介绍了Spring MVC的简单搭建,文章中的代码注释部分是扩展内容,可以不用编写,但可以参考参考.

 

一、 jar包引入:

             Spring 2.5.6: spring.jar、spring-webmvc.jar、commons-logging.jar、cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar

 

二、 web.xml配置:

<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
		   <servlet>
				<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
				<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
                <!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称，默认为WEB-INF目录下，名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml -->
                <!-- 
				<init-param>
					<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
					<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  //默认时的配置
				</init-param>
				-->
				<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
			</servlet>

			<servlet-mapping>
				<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
				<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> //后缀名可以自定义
			</servlet-mapping>

			<!-- Spring配置 -->
			<listener>
				<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
			</listener>

			<!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 -->
			<context-param>
				<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
				<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
			</context-param>

 

三、spring-servlet.xml配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
		xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
		xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
		xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
		xsi:schemaLocation="
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.0.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">

		<!---如果TestActionController类实现的是Controller接口(单动作控制器),则spring-servlet.xml里面只需此配置就OK -->
		<bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
			<property name="mappings">
				<props>
					<prop key="test.do">testActionController</prop>
					<!-- <prop key="/test.do">testActionController</prop> -->
				</props>
			</property>
		</bean>

		 <!-- 如果applicationContext.xml里面已经对TestActionController类注入了,那就不需要再在这里重复注入了 -->
		 <bean id="testActionController" class="com.test.TestActionController">
			<property name="methodNameResolver">
				<ref bean="paraMethodResolver"/>
			 </property>
			<!--viewName属性将被依赖注入到TestActionController类,index为要转向的jsp页面名称(此处可以不用配置,直接在TestActionController里面指定)-->
			<!--
			<property name="viewName">
				<value>index</value>
			</property>
			 -->
		</bean>
				
	       <!--如果TestActionController类实现Controller接口(单动作控制器),那么此处不需要配置-->
		<bean id="paraMethodResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver">
			<!--此处的method为要访问的TestActionController类方法的方法参数名-->
			<property name="paramName" value="method"/>
		</bean>
				
		<!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix:前缀，suffix:后缀. (此处可以不用配置,直接在TestActionController类里面指定要访问的页面)-->
		<!--
		<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
			<property name="viewClass">
				<value>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView</value>
			</property>
			<property name="prefix">
				<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
			</property>
			<property name="suffix">
				<value>.jsp</value>
			</property>
		</bean>
		 -->

	</beans>

 

 

 四、建立TestActionController类,继承MultiActionController类:

注意:1:MultiActionController类为多动作控制器,就是多个不同的请求可以访问同一个controller类(相当于Servlet,不过一个Servlet只能处理一个请求),例如下面的TestActionController类里面就有insert,update,delete三个方法;

        2:这里还可以通过实现Controller接口处理请求,不过Controller接口是单动作控制器,跟Servlet一样,只能处理一个请求,当有多个不同的请求时就需要建立多个不同的Servlet类(实现Controller接口时请注意下spring-servlet.xml配置).

public class TestActionController extends MultiActionController {

	private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
	//依赖注入一个名为viewName的参数,例如一个JSP文件，作为展示model的视图
	// private String viewName;
				 
	// public String getViewName (){
	//	   return this.viewName;
	// }
	// public void setViewName (String viewName){
	//	   this. viewName =viewName;
	// }

	public ModelAndView insert(HttpServletRequest request,
		HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletRequestBindingException, IOException {  
		ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("index.jsp");
		view.addObject("info","新增数据...");
		return view;
	}
	
			  
	public ModelAndView delete(HttpServletRequest request,
		HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletRequestBindingException, IOException {
		Map map = new HashMap();
		map.put("info", "删除数据...");
                //如果JSP页面是依赖注入进来的,那这里通过getViewName()拿到页面名称,否则直接return new ModelAndView("index.jsp",map);
		return new ModelAndView(getViewName(),map);
	}

	public ModelAndView update(HttpServletRequest request,
		HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletRequestBindingException, IOException {
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		String data = "{\"info\":\"修改数据...\",\"flag\":true}";
		out.print(data);
		out.close();
		//异步请求时这里返回null
		return null;
	}
}

 

五、建立index.jsp页面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
	<head>TestActionController示例</head>
	<body>
	  ${info}
      ${map.info}
	</body>
</html>

 

 

六、测试,在浏览器url地址栏输入(如果实现的是Controller接口,则请求地址为http://localhost:8080/test.do):

http://localhost:8080/test.do?method=insert   //将访问TestActionController类的insert方法

http://localhost:8080/test.do?method=delete  //将访问TestActionController类的delete方法

 

注:annotation注解配置方式参考:http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1338338587698.html