Selenium Webdriver API(7)
37、隐式等待 implicitly_wait
#encoding=utf-8
import unittest
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
class visitSogouByIe(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
#启动浏览器
self.driver = webdriver.Ie(executable_path = "D:\\IEDriverServer")
def test_implicitWiat(self):
#导入异常类
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException,TimeoutException
#导入堆栈类
import traceback
url = "http://www.sogou.com"
#访问搜狗首页
self.driver.get(url)
#通过driver对象的implicitly_wait()方法来设置隐式等待时间，最长等待10秒，如果10秒未找到元素示抛出异常
self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)
try:
#查找sogou首页的搜索输入框页面元素
searchBox = self.driver.find_element_by_id("query")
#在搜索输入框中输入“魔兽世界”
searchBox.send_keys(u"魔兽世界")
#查找sogou首页搜索按钮页面元素
clickButton = self.driver.find_element_by_id("stb")
#单击搜索按钮
clickButton.click()
except (NoSuchElementException,TimeoutException),e:
#打印异常的堆栈信息
traceback.print_exc()
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
38、显示等待 WebDriverWait expected_conditions 组合使用
#encoding=utf-8
import time
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
class visitLocalWebByIe(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
#启动浏览器
self.driver = webdriver.Ie(executable_path = "D:\\IEDriverServer")
def test_explicitWait(self):
#导入堆栈类
import traceback
#导入By类
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#导入显示等待类
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
#导入期望场景类
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
#导入异常类
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException,TimeoutException
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/test_explicity_wait.html"
#访问自定义网站
self.driver.get(url)
try:
wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver,10,0.2)
wait.until(EC.title_is(u"你喜欢的水果"))
print u"网页的标题是'你喜欢的水果'"
#等待10秒，直到要找的按钮出现
ele = WebDriverWait(self.driver,10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@value='Display alert box']"))
ele.click()
#等待alert框出现
alert = wait.until(EC.alert_is_present())
#打印alert框体消息
print alert.text
#确认警告信息
alert.accept()
#获取id属性值为“peach”的页面元素
peach = self.driver.find_element_by_id("peach")
#判断id属性值为“peach”的页面元素是否能选中
peachElement = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_selected(peach))
print u"下拉列表的选项'桃子'目前处于选中状态"
#判断复选框是否可见并且能被单击
wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,"check")))
print u"复选框可见并且能被选中"
except TimeoutException,e:
#捕获超时异常
print traceback.print_exc()
except NoSuchElementException,e:
#捕获NoSuchElementException异常
print traceback.print_exc()
except Exception,e:
#捕获其他异常
print traceback.print_exc()
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
练习：使用显式等待，判断搜索的搜索输入框是否显示，按钮是否查点击，然后再输入关键字，再点击搜索
#endcoding=utf-8
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
class visiTSogouByIe(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
#启动浏览器
self.driver = webdriver.Ie(executable_path = "D:\\IEDriverServer")
def test_explicitWaitInSogou(self):
#导入堆栈类
import traceback
#导入By类
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#导入等待类
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
#导入期望场景类
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
#导入异常类
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException,TimeoutException
url = "http://www.sogou.com"
#访问搜狗
self.driver.get(url)
try:
wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver,10,0.2)
#等待10秒，检测搜索框是否在页面中
query = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"query")))
#在输入框 输入“魔兽世界”
query.send_keys(u"魔兽世界")
#判断搜索按钮是否可点击
stb = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,"stb")))
stb.click()
#捕获异常
except TimeoutException,e:
print traceback.print_exc()
except NoSuchElementException,e:
print traceback.print_exc()
except Exception,e:
print traceback.print_exc()
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
39、切换浏览器窗口 句柄、title、页面源码中的关键字
#encoding=utf-8
import time
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
class visitLocalWebByIe(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
#启动浏览器
self.driver = webdriver.Ie(executable_path = "D:\\IEDriverServer")
def test_switchWindowByPageSource(self):
#导入多个异常类
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException,TimeoutException
#导入By类
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#导入显式等待类
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
#导入期望场景类
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
#导入堆栈类
import traceback
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/test.html"
#访问自定义网页
self.driver.get(url)
#显式等待找到页面上链接方案为“sogou搜索”的链接元素，找到单击它
WebDriverWait(self.driver,10,0.2).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.LINK_TEXT,"sogou 搜索"))).click()
#获取当前所有打开的浏览器窗口句柄
all_handles = self.driver.window_handles
#打印当前浏览器窗口句柄
print self.driver.current_window_handle
#打印打开的浏览器窗口的个数
print len(all_handles)
#等待2秒，以便更好地查看效果
time.sleep(2)
#如果存储浏览器窗口句柄的窗口不为空，再遍历all_handles中所有的浏览器句柄
if len(all_handles) > 0:
try:
for windowHandle in all_handles:
#切换窗口
self.driver.switch_to.window(windowHandle)
#获取当前浏览器窗口页面源代码
pageSource = self.driver.page_source
if u"搜狗搜索" in pageSource:
#显式等待页面搜索输入框加载完成，然后输入“sogou首页的浏览器窗口被找到”
WebDriverWait(self.driver,10,0.2).until(lambda x : x.find_element_by_id('query')).send_keys(u"sogou首页的浏览器窗口被找到")
time.sleep(2)
except NoSuchElementException,e:
print traceback.print_exc()
except TimeoutException,e:
print traceback.print_exc()
#将浏览器窗口切换回默认窗口
self.driver.switch_to.window(all_handles[0])
#断言当前浏览器窗口页面源代码中是否包含“你爱吃水果么？”关键内容
self.assertTrue(u"你爱吃水果么？" in self.driver.page_source)
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()