7.3版本-虚拟机的封装与基础配置

1.封装虚拟机

企业7版本的虚拟机的封装都是类似的

点击此处查看虚拟机的封装（7.2版本）










2.基础配置

（1）配置ip

#网关和NDS自行设定
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 

#重启网络
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr

注意：如果发现自己的网络设备不是eth0，则需要手动设定，需要重启后才生效

[root@localhost ~]# vim /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 

（2）配置yum源

1.在物理机上共享镜像资源

[root@foundation66 ~]# ll /iso/rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso 
-rw-r--r--. 1 qemu qemu 3793747968 Feb 21 10:42 /iso/rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@foundation66 ~]# mount /iso/rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/rhel7.3/
mount: /dev/loop4 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@foundation66 ~]# df

[root@foundation66 ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/rhel7.3/
[root@foundation66 ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

[root@foundation66 ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local 

2.连接虚拟机并配置yum源

[root@foundation66 images]# ssh [email protected]
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist

（3）下载常用软件

#net-tools为查看端口的工具
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vim lftp net-tools

#测试
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -antlp

（4）关闭NetworkManager

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status NetworkManager

#注意：必须设定开机自动关闭
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager

（5）关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

（6）关闭selinux

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

（7）添加解析

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts

（8）更改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostname  server1
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
server1

（9）关机

[root@localhost ~]# poweroff

3.安装virt-sparsify

[root@foundation66 ~]# rpm -qf /bin/virt-sparsify
error: file /bin/virt-sparsify: No such file or directory
[root@foundation66 ~]# yum whatprovides */virt-sparsify

[root@foundation66 ~]# yum install -y libguestfs-tools-c-1.36.10-6.el7.x86_64
[root@foundation66 ~]# rpm -qf /bin/virt-sparsify
libguestfs-tools-c-1.36.10-6.el7.x86_64

4.压缩虚拟机

压缩虚拟机是为了可以打包，直接拱给另一台主机使用

[root@foundation66 ~]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
[root@foundation66 images]# ls

#查看虚拟机大小
[root@foundation66 images]# du -sh rhel7.3.qcow2
1.4G	rhel7.3.qcow2
[root@foundation66 images]# virt-sparsify --compress rhel7.3.qcow2 new.qcow2

5.清理缓存

[root@foundation66 images]# virt-sysprep -d rhel7.3

6.创建快照

[root@foundation66 images]# pwd
/var/lib/libvirt/images
#创建快照
[root@foundation66 images]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel7.3.qcow2 server1
Formatting 'server1', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 backing_file='rhel7.3.qcow2' encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off 

7.导入快照